Another approach was made by Fischler (1993), Poulain (1985) and Herpin (1988 cited Bessiere 1998, p.23) to create food symbolism:
• Food as a symbol: few food products are connected to fantasy and have a strong symbolic (bread or wine);
• Food as a sign of communion: to eat and share food with others is a basic social activity ( family meal or business meals);
• Food as class marker: caviar, champagne or wine for daily consumption are sign to underline a certain lifestyle;
• Food as an emblem: residents of a certain region recognize themselves and their culinary heritage.