The preparation phase occurs between planning and execution and is often applied immediately
before implementation of the proposed change. This time frame may not allow for the research
and data gathering performed in the planning phase, however, it still gives the responsible party
the opportunity to ensure that appropriate stakeholders are involved in preparation. It also
should provide time for pre-event briefings to address the risks faced and how such risks are
to be mitigated. Finally, it allows opportunity to address environmental conditions and human
performance issues that cannot be foreseen far in advance.