These observations have led many investigators to
study the runway-sequencing problem with the objective
of increasing operating efficiency while ensuring
that all airport users are treated equitably. Dear
(1976) and Dear and Sherif (1991) developed the concept
of constrained position shifting (CPS), i.e., of a
limit in the number of positions by which an aircraft
can deviate from its FCFSposition in a queue. For
instance, an aircraft in the 16th position in a FCFS
queue would have to land in one of the positions
14–18 if the specified maximum position shift (MPS) is 2.
Through many numerical examples and for several
reasonable objective functions, Dear (1976) showed
that by setting MPSto a small number, such as two
or three, one can obtain most of the benefits of an
unconstrained optimized system (e.g., 60%–80% of
the potential improvements). This finding motivated
several researchers (e.g., Psaraftis 1980, Venkatakrishnan
et al. 1992, Bianco et al. 2001) to investigate
a number of increasingly complex and realistic versions
of the sequencing problem. Two advanced terminal
airspace automation systems, CTASand COMPAS,
that have been implemented in the United States
and in Germany, respectively, incorporate sequencing
algorithms based on CPS(Erzber ger 1995). However,
this feature of CTASand of COMPAShas not
been activated, primarily because of concerns about a
potential increase in controller workload.
These observations have led many investigators tostudy the runway-sequencing problem with the objectiveof increasing operating efficiency while ensuringthat all airport users are treated equitably. Dear(1976) and Dear and Sherif (1991) developed the conceptof constrained position shifting (CPS), i.e., of alimit in the number of positions by which an aircraftcan deviate from its FCFSposition in a queue. Forinstance, an aircraft in the 16th position in a FCFSqueue would have to land in one of the positions14–18 if the specified maximum position shift (MPS) is 2.Through many numerical examples and for severalreasonable objective functions, Dear (1976) showedthat by setting MPSto a small number, such as twoor three, one can obtain most of the benefits of anunconstrained optimized system (e.g., 60%–80% ofthe potential improvements). This finding motivatedseveral researchers (e.g., Psaraftis 1980, Venkatakrishnanet al. 1992, Bianco et al. 2001) to investigatea number of increasingly complex and realistic versionsof the sequencing problem. Two advanced terminalairspace automation systems, CTASand COMPAS,that have been implemented in the United Statesand in Germany, respectively, incorporate sequencingalgorithms based on CPS(Erzber ger 1995). However,this feature of CTASand of COMPAShas notbeen activated, primarily because of concerns about apotential increase in controller workload.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..