PV generates power in a manner that is fundamentally different than the way power has been
generated in the past, and requires a power electronics interface to convert the native format of the
generation so it becomes grid-compatible. PV energy is the most easily scalable type of renewable
energy generation; it can be produced in amounts from a few kilowatts as the residential scale up to
multiple megawatts at the utility scale. The intermittency of PV power stems from the diurnal and
seasonal cycles of the sun and is deterministic. Its variability due to the fact that the instantaneous power
generation depends on the level of incident solar radiation.
Due to the growing of electricity demand, increasing price of petroleum products (now about US$ 100
a barrel) and the reduction in PV systems costs over the last many years, the opportunities for PV smart
grid system seem to be increasing.