Length of both inlet pipe and outlet pipe were one of major factors of system effect. Figure X.XX illustrated effect of pipe length on air flow rate. In the figure, variation of inlet pipe length caused air flow rate to vary. The optimum inlet pipe length that yield maximum flow rate was at 5 cm which not only in experiment but also the theory was mentioned the same. Thus, inlet pipe length of 5 cm was optimum condition that prevented formation of system effect.
Length of outlet pipe was also affecting the system. As seen in figure X.XX, air flow rate was dropped from its optimum condition at length lower than 19.7 cm, the lower length of outlet pipe from optimum, higher system effect formation. Moreover, at length of pipe longer than optimum, the flow rate was also decreased. This decreasing was caused by both system effect and friction in pipe. However, friction in the pipe affected more than system effect which would discuss further.
In summary, both inlet pipe and outlet pipe length affected flow rate of air. Inlet length had an optimum length that should not be too long or too short while outlet pipe length should be long enough to prevent system effect. However, too long pipe length would lead flow rate decreased as well due to the friction from surface of pipe.