The growth of larvae of commercially cultivated, inshore and estuarine clams including the Manila clam, Tapes philippinarum, American hard shell clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, and the soft shell clam, Mya arenaria, also show tolerance to wide-ranging temperature and salinity conditions. Except for Mya arenaria, which is normally cultured at 18 to 20ºC, larvae are generally grown at 25+2ºC and at salinities ranging from 25 to 34 PSU. The effect of temperature on the growth of Manila clam larvae is shown in Figure 73.