Tobin’s q and return on assets (ROA) are our primary performance measures. We estimate Tobin’s q (q) as the market value of total assets divided by the replacement cost of assets. We estimate market values and replacement costs using Yermack’s (1996) algorithm. ROA is computed in two ways. In one approach, we use net income scaled by the book value of total assets. In the second approach, we use earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) divided by the book value of total assets.