5.4 Use of specialized EMA tools and the effectiveness of environmental accounting
for internal management
Hypothesis 3 asserts that the use of specialized EMA tools will enhance the benefits
of environmental accounting applications for internal management. In order to examine
this hypothesis, the responding companies that reported using environmental
accounting for internal management purposes were divided into two groups. The first
group consisted of companies utilizing only environmental accounting tools and
methods developed for/oriented to external disclosure. The second group was those
reporting the use of at least some specialized EMA tools and methods (see Table 3
and associated discussion). Each group was then scored as per the procedure that produced
Table 6 above. The result was an index for each group measuring “the perceived
effectiveness of environmental accounting for internal management”. The results
are shown in Table 9.