Based on (8), the major axis of the ellipse, which is in the U axis direction, depends on the circuit loss and is proportional to the core loss resistance R. Therefore, (6) represents an inclined ellipse which is shown in Figure 17 along with the nonlinear saturation curve of the transformer core. The operating points 1, 2, and 3 of Figure 17 correspond to the same operating points as shown in Figure 2. Similarly, points 1 and 2 represent the stable normal and ferroresonance operating points, respectively. Figure 17 and (8) show that at higher power loss which corresponds to the lower R,
the major axis of the ellipse become shorter, and beyond a certain value of power loss, the elliptic characteristic of the linear part of the system does