This suggestion receives a further boost from a simple characterization of who actually
leads the less educated countries over time. In Table 9, we continue to separate countries into those
with low and moderate levels of human capital, as before. We then classify for each year the
country’s leader along two dimensions. We follow the Alvarez et al. (2000) classification of
leaders as being democratic or autocratic. In addition, we group the leaders by the length of their
tenure. The Table shows the amount of time spent by countries in our sample being led by
democratic and autocratic leaders of different tenure lengths.