During the three decades since the Second World war, most governments have relied primarily on over-all economic growth backed by high investment to reduce poverty and inequality, and in the industrialized countries, to avoid serious cyclical unemployment. This policy has led to rapid and sustained growth in national output and investment in both developed and developing countries. However, it has become increasingly evident, particularly from the experience of the developing countries, that rapid growth at the national level does not automatically reduce poverty and inequality or provide sufficient productive employment. The approach which is now widely proposed is that development planning should should include, as an explicit goal, the satisfaction of a level of basic needs. Basic needs include two elements:(1) certain minimum requirements of a family for private consumption (adequate food, shelter, and clothing would be included, as would be certain household equipment and furniture); (2) essential services provided for and by the community, such as safe drinking water, sanitation, public trasport, including and educational facilities.
The basic-need concept is of universal applicability, although the relative importance of its components will vary with the level of development and form one nation to another. Basic needs make up the minimum needs of society, not everything that is desirable. To determine
During the three decades since the Second World war, most governments have relied primarily on over-all economic growth backed by high investment to reduce poverty and inequality, and in the industrialized countries, to avoid serious cyclical unemployment. This policy has led to rapid and sustained growth in national output and investment in both developed and developing countries. However, it has become increasingly evident, particularly from the experience of the developing countries, that rapid growth at the national level does not automatically reduce poverty and inequality or provide sufficient productive employment. The approach which is now widely proposed is that development planning should should include, as an explicit goal, the satisfaction of a level of basic needs. Basic needs include two elements:(1) certain minimum requirements of a family for private consumption (adequate food, shelter, and clothing would be included, as would be certain household equipment and furniture); (2) essential services provided for and by the community, such as safe drinking water, sanitation, public trasport, including and educational facilities. The basic-need concept is of universal applicability, although the relative importance of its components will vary with the level of development and form one nation to another. Basic needs make up the minimum needs of society, not everything that is desirable. To determine
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