1.3 Attempts to Improve the Situation
Institutions of higher education realize this fact and try to give assistance by organizing training sessions,
seminars, and conferences for teachers at all levels of ability and experience: novice teachers, teachers with some
experience, and teachers able to play more advanced roles as leaders or trainers. Also, the Thailand Education
Reform implemented between 1996 and 2007 emphasized teacher development, and teachers would be offered
continuous training with some form of training such as attending seminars, workshops, or conferences every two
years (Wiriyachitra, 2002)