the most crucial concern is to move cooking fuels from the free-supply and women's services domain and integrate it into the national energy policy. this has to be strengthened through national machinery for the commercialisation of biomass with quality standards and multiple technology options,enabling the households to make their own choice.
the potentials for producing clean energy using biomass as a feedstock would turn biomass into a market commodity, allowing for entrepreneurial opportunities. this transition would enable households to increase their income through the newly emerging market chains, the substitution of inferior by superior fuels and greater efficiency within the household.
innovative policy elements could be suggested. the first is a commercialisation of biomass to enable producers to generate an income from biomass and divert that income to an energy transition. to support this innovation a national policy has to be in place to motivate the private sector investments necessary to jumpstart clean biomass energy technologies and subsidise investors for biomass-based clean energy contributions. a subsidy for the producers of capital commitments could also encourage them to improve quality, regulate supply,and organise production. if higher commodity value is introduced for the biomass, end-users will be encouraged to invest in simple energy efficient technologies, primarily improved cook stoves or wood gassifier stoves. for those rural households producing an excess of higher quality wood, supplying wood for the emerging markets would become an enterprise. these could even be introduced in the form of conservation concessions, with government incentive and enhanced financing services to allow the nation to reduce emissions and preserve local habitats.
the second element of the policy innovation is a pricing mechanism to meet future challenges. as it has been stated in the national energy balance, fuel-switching from biomass to fossil fuels, mainly LPG, continues in the household and commercial sector due to the convenience. this enables the household sector to change cooking practices and relieves the pressure of depending on a diverse biomass mix. however, the high selling price of electricity and LPG has been an obstacle. this tends to discourage fuel-switching despite the need for a convenient form of cooking fuel to cope with labour requirements enabling households in rural areas to expand income earning opportunities. under these circumstances the national policy should introduce a pricing mechanism with life-time rates whereby low- and mid-income households would be able to get a clean source of cooking fuel, preferably LPG, at a lower, affordable price to satisfy cooking energy requirements. such policy interventions are crucial to address the issues of affordability of clean cooking fuel and to connect and integrate low-income households. this can address indirectly the needs of women in particular by mitigating of the high cost of energy service supply sources, while recognising the direct and secondary benefits of fuel-switching, as illustrated by the Who(2002,2006a,2006b).
the most crucial concern is to move cooking fuels from the free-supply and women's services domain and integrate it into the national energy policy. this has to be strengthened through national machinery for the commercialisation of biomass with quality standards and multiple technology options,enabling the households to make their own choice.the potentials for producing clean energy using biomass as a feedstock would turn biomass into a market commodity, allowing for entrepreneurial opportunities. this transition would enable households to increase their income through the newly emerging market chains, the substitution of inferior by superior fuels and greater efficiency within the household.innovative policy elements could be suggested. the first is a commercialisation of biomass to enable producers to generate an income from biomass and divert that income to an energy transition. to support this innovation a national policy has to be in place to motivate the private sector investments necessary to jumpstart clean biomass energy technologies and subsidise investors for biomass-based clean energy contributions. a subsidy for the producers of capital commitments could also encourage them to improve quality, regulate supply,and organise production. if higher commodity value is introduced for the biomass, end-users will be encouraged to invest in simple energy efficient technologies, primarily improved cook stoves or wood gassifier stoves. for those rural households producing an excess of higher quality wood, supplying wood for the emerging markets would become an enterprise. these could even be introduced in the form of conservation concessions, with government incentive and enhanced financing services to allow the nation to reduce emissions and preserve local habitats.the second element of the policy innovation is a pricing mechanism to meet future challenges. as it has been stated in the national energy balance, fuel-switching from biomass to fossil fuels, mainly LPG, continues in the household and commercial sector due to the convenience. this enables the household sector to change cooking practices and relieves the pressure of depending on a diverse biomass mix. however, the high selling price of electricity and LPG has been an obstacle. this tends to discourage fuel-switching despite the need for a convenient form of cooking fuel to cope with labour requirements enabling households in rural areas to expand income earning opportunities. under these circumstances the national policy should introduce a pricing mechanism with life-time rates whereby low- and mid-income households would be able to get a clean source of cooking fuel, preferably LPG, at a lower, affordable price to satisfy cooking energy requirements. such policy interventions are crucial to address the issues of affordability of clean cooking fuel and to connect and integrate low-income households. this can address indirectly the needs of women in particular by mitigating of the high cost of energy service supply sources, while recognising the direct and secondary benefits of fuel-switching, as illustrated by the Who(2002,2006a,2006b).
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