content (10.93 g) as the wheat control (10.24 g). The incorporation
of HPMC significantly increased the moisture content in soy SHC
donut (p < 0.05). The moisture content of SH and SHC was 11.45 g
and 12.48 g, respectively. While moisture content of all donuts
decreased compared to that of dough, the moisture content of the
wheat dough decreased by about 9% after frying, but HPMC added
soy doughs decreased moisture by only 3e4% after frying. HPMC is
the key ingredient for designing barrier films because of its gel
forming properties at high temperature as well as its high water
holding capacity (Hamdy & White, 1969). The surface film could
work as preventing the evaporation of water from product during
frying processing. Adding HPMC combined with coating with
HMPC seems to be a more effective way to retain water as well
reduction in fat content during the frying process than only adding
HPMC. For the caloric content from the health concerns, HPMC
added donuts contain about 10% less calories due to higher moisture
and lower fat content. In the case of soy donut without HPMC
had about 6% less calories compare to wheat control.