For the purpose of realizing the basic concepts of the Federal law “On the industrial safety of dangerous manufacturing objects”, the Russian State Mine Technical Inspection Department (Gostekhnadzor) designed an NDT system representing a set of participants, which participate in the nondestructive testing domain by regulating norms, rules, techniques, conditions, criteria, and procedures [1]. The aim of the NDT system is to upgrade the level of operation safety of technical
devices, buildings, and constructions which are used and operate in dangerous manufacturing objects. The upgrading is reached due to increase in the reliability, reproducibility, and commensurability of the results of nondestructive testing and taking before-the-fact and adequate decisions on ensuring the industrial safety. We consider the most important criterion of the effectiveness of nondestructive testing, namely, the reliability, with reference to ultrasonic testing of welded joints
of lifting structures.