Many attribute virulence of S. mutans solely to its ability to produce acid and to tolerate an acidic environment. However, many organisms found in cariogenic dental plaque share these biological properties [5]. We believe that S. mutans's key virulence factor resides in its ability to convert dietary sucrose into a diverse range of soluble and, particularly, insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) through exoenzymes such as glucosyltransferases (Gtfs). The EPS are the prime building blocks of cariogenic biofilms. They promote the colonization of the tooth surface by S. mutans and the recruitment of additional microorganisms into dental plaque, while forming the scaffold core or matrix of the biofilm [6]. In addition, EPS-rich matrix also creates a diffusion-limiting barrier, facilitating the creation of acidic microenvironments at the biofilm–tooth interface [6,7], which are critical for the dissolution of the adjacent tooth enamel.