All testing sessions were video recorded for scoring purposes. Scoring was done by an independent experimenter, and 25% of the participants’ responses for both the memory and production tests were scored by an additional experimenter with more than 99% agreement. Memory scoring was based on which picture was first placed in the center box. Production scoring was based on whether the plural morpheme was at all audible in the participants’ productions. Parents of the participants were asked to fill out the MCDI to record the participants’ productive vocabulary (M 588; SD = 83; range 439–691).