The pulp visual observation and measurement system 10 is functionally divided into two main parts or subsystems: (1) a pulp sampling/dilution system 20; and (2) an imaging/analysis system 70. The pulp sampling/dilution system 20 functions to individualize and disperse objects within the pulp sample to enable the imaging/analysis system 70 to image objects and determine various object parameters from the images. As FIG. 1 illustrates, the pulp sampling/dilution system 20 consists of a sampler 21 for diverting a sample of pulp from a pulp conduit 22, which carries up to about 5% pulp in solution, into a dilution tank 26. Sampler 21 may be connected at any point along the pulp conduit 22 and at any stage of pulp refinement to divert a sample of pulp for visual observation and analysis. The sampler 21 dilutes the pulp sample to approximately 0.5% pulp in solution by mixing water from line 28 and air from line 30. Flow of diluted pulp from line 23 into the dilution tank 26 is regulated by a valve 24 that is preferably controlled by a computer 90. Three level sensors 27a, 27b, and 27c provide the computer 90 with an indication of the fill level within the tank 26. Excess diluted pulp is sent to recycling via line 25ns.