DiscussionThis current study of nursing home residents found that anem การแปล - DiscussionThis current study of nursing home residents found that anem ไทย วิธีการพูด

DiscussionThis current study of nur

Discussion
This current study of nursing home residents found that anemia prevalence was high, with approximately 56% of residents being anemic across the 40 nursing homes studied. This compares to the 48% prevalence rate that Artz et al.5 found in 900 residents in five nursing homes, and the 40% rate found in the single nursing home studied by Kalchthaler and Tan4. For nursing home residents over 70 years old, this study found a fourfold higher rate of anemia for both men
and women (Table 3) compared to the community rates found by Salive et al.3 Table 3 shows that 66% of male and 54% of female residents over 65 years were anemic, compared to rates of 11.0% and 10.2%, respectively, found by Guralnik et al.1 for the generalUS population over 65 years.
Unlike the strong relationship between advancing age and declining Hb levels found in older residents in previous community-based studies1,3, this study found no clear trend in either Hb or anemia status with advancing age (previous research has not explored an age–anemia relationship in nursing home residents). Even the younger residents studied had much higher rates of anemia than in the community: for residents under 65 years, 56% of men and 26% of women were anemic. One possible explanation for lack of a significant association between age and anemia in nursing home residentsmay be the many comorbid conditions and debilitating diseases typically found in residents in this setting.Younger patients in the nursing home typically have much more severe morbidity compared to their respective age cohorts in the community than do older nursing home residents.The age relationship seen in the community would be altered in the nursing home. Indeed, within the regression model, other factors, (gender, race, GFR, diabetes, cancer, GI bleeding, asthma and inflammatory disease) were found to be much better predictors for Hb level in nursing home residents. Another possible contributor to not finding a clear trend in anemia status with advancing age is incomplete information regarding treatment of anemia prior to the study period.
Previous research has shown a clear relationship between CKD and anemia.11 In this study, having a GFR560 was a strong predictor of Hb level, but a diagnosis of CKD was not. Perhaps the diagnosis was less reliable than GFR or was underreported. Although poor diet in residents with microalbuminuria may have caused a low GFR in the absence of chronic kidney disease, a study by Gross et al.22 has shown that, among three diets studied, the mean difference in GFR
between normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric patients was small, ranging from a difference of 0.3 to 6.3 mL/min/1.73m2. Low GFR had a prevalence that was three times greater than a CKD diagnosis. Further, these two variables were only modestly correlated (r¼0.26). Bolton et al.23 cite a pattern of under-recognition and under-treatment of CKD even in sophisticated health care systems. However, sufficient data were not available to adequately identify a CKD diagnosis unless this was specifically noted in the resident’s chart. In the current study, residents undergoing dialysis were excluded from analysis, thus truncating the lower end of the expected GFR range.
Previous research has found that anemia is underdiagnosed,under-treated, or – for patients with severe kidney disease – treated too late5,24. In this study, although iron therapy, cyanocobalamin and folic acid were used, erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (i.e., epoetin alfa (EPO) or darbepoetin alfa (DARB)) use
was absent in the anemic CKD residents studied. This compares to Artz et al.5, who found that only 2.9% of anemic nursing home residents had used such therapy and only 2.3% had received a red blood cell transfusion; these authors concluded that ‘anemia is common in nursing homes but directed therapy is not.’
Falls within the nursing home can have severe consequences. With aging, functional changes in the skin result in a decline in skin barrier function. Besides lacerations (and further Hb decline due to blood loss) that may result from falls, falls in the elderly can also be associated with serious injuries includinghead trauma and fractures25. In addition, patients may encounter serious quality of life (QoL) consequences. The fear of falling may lead to self-imposed functional limitations (‘post-fall anxiety syndrome’), cascading into decreased confidence in the ability to safely ambulate, further functional decline, and reduced overall QoL (e.g., depression, feelings of helplessness, social isolation)
From the model, risk factors significantly associated with falling included older age, ADL score, anemia status, chronic kidney disease, and psychoactive medication use ( p50.05 for all). Of these, perhaps only
anemia status, psychoactive medication use and possibly ADL score are potentially modifiable factors. Assuming an additive relationship, having anemia and using a psychoactive medication together would be associated with four times the risk of experiencing a fall; approximately 40% of the nursing home residents studied fit this high-risk criterion.
From Table 5, when Hb level was substituted for anemia status in the falling model study, authors saw a negative 19% change (1.00–0.81) in probability of falls for every 1-g/dL positive change in Hb ( p¼0.001). This is equivalent to the 22% negative change in the risk of falls for every 1-g/dL positive change in Hb level that was found in Dharmarajan’s study of falls during hospitalization for older acute care patients17, but less than the 45% negative change in risk of falls per 1-g/dL positive change in Hb level found in their study of pre-admission falls in patients hospitalized for hip fracture
Age greater than 75 years clearly rises to dominance in the recurrent falls analysis. Only anemia ( p¼0.005) and psychoactive medication use ( p¼0.005) appear to be potentially modifiable conditions with a significant relationship with recurrent falls. When Hb level and gender are substituted within the model, risk of recurrent falls appears to change negatively by 24% with every 1-g/dL positive change in Hb level ( p¼0.0010)
This study did have several limitations. Due to the retrospective nature of chart review and the limited 6-month follow-up, associations between the baseline resident characteristics examined, anemia, and falls, cannot be assumed as causal. Study authors adjusted for differences between anemic and non-anemic residents statistically. However, such adjustments, though commonly employed and accepted, assumethat the appropriate factors were selected for inclusionand that these factors did not interact in a way that would have altered findings. The index Hb level was
the sole measure of anemia and may have preceded a fall event by up to 6 months. This study did not examine
Hb levels closer in time to fall events since this could introduce a bias favoring an anemia association if patients having anemia simply had more frequent blood tests during the follow-up period. Secondly, study authors used nurses employed within the nursing homes to perform data abstraction. Although study authors attempted to maintain quality control through data collection design, this study design was dependent upon reviewers within the nursing home to accurately abstract data from the resident chart to the data collection form. Thus, the accuracy of this recorded data cannot be assumed. Third, although study authors collected data on the presumed cause of the anemia, sufficient evidence was not available to reliably classify diagnosed anemia cases by type (e.g. acute or chronic) or etiology. Fourth, utilizing detailed medical records within the nursing home provides the potential advantage of more complete data than in a community-based study. However, the data available in the resident chart might not completely describe the current medical condition of all residents; for instance, as noted above, study authors suspected that true diagnoses of CKD were not complete, particularly since other researchers have found similar underreporting in other chart reviews. Finally, the use of anemia therapies identified in this study might potentially have confounded the relationships of the variables studied with hemoglobin level.
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ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 1: [สำเนา]
คัดลอก!
DiscussionThis current study of nursing home residents found that anemia prevalence was high, with approximately 56% of residents being anemic across the 40 nursing homes studied. This compares to the 48% prevalence rate that Artz et al.5 found in 900 residents in five nursing homes, and the 40% rate found in the single nursing home studied by Kalchthaler and Tan4. For nursing home residents over 70 years old, this study found a fourfold higher rate of anemia for both menand women (Table 3) compared to the community rates found by Salive et al.3 Table 3 shows that 66% of male and 54% of female residents over 65 years were anemic, compared to rates of 11.0% and 10.2%, respectively, found by Guralnik et al.1 for the generalUS population over 65 years. Unlike the strong relationship between advancing age and declining Hb levels found in older residents in previous community-based studies1,3, this study found no clear trend in either Hb or anemia status with advancing age (previous research has not explored an age–anemia relationship in nursing home residents). Even the younger residents studied had much higher rates of anemia than in the community: for residents under 65 years, 56% of men and 26% of women were anemic. One possible explanation for lack of a significant association between age and anemia in nursing home residentsmay be the many comorbid conditions and debilitating diseases typically found in residents in this setting.Younger patients in the nursing home typically have much more severe morbidity compared to their respective age cohorts in the community than do older nursing home residents.The age relationship seen in the community would be altered in the nursing home. Indeed, within the regression model, other factors, (gender, race, GFR, diabetes, cancer, GI bleeding, asthma and inflammatory disease) were found to be much better predictors for Hb level in nursing home residents. Another possible contributor to not finding a clear trend in anemia status with advancing age is incomplete information regarding treatment of anemia prior to the study period. Previous research has shown a clear relationship between CKD and anemia.11 In this study, having a GFR560 was a strong predictor of Hb level, but a diagnosis of CKD was not. Perhaps the diagnosis was less reliable than GFR or was underreported. Although poor diet in residents with microalbuminuria may have caused a low GFR in the absence of chronic kidney disease, a study by Gross et al.22 has shown that, among three diets studied, the mean difference in GFRbetween normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric patients was small, ranging from a difference of 0.3 to 6.3 mL/min/1.73m2. Low GFR had a prevalence that was three times greater than a CKD diagnosis. Further, these two variables were only modestly correlated (r¼0.26). Bolton et al.23 cite a pattern of under-recognition and under-treatment of CKD even in sophisticated health care systems. However, sufficient data were not available to adequately identify a CKD diagnosis unless this was specifically noted in the resident’s chart. In the current study, residents undergoing dialysis were excluded from analysis, thus truncating the lower end of the expected GFR range. Previous research has found that anemia is underdiagnosed,under-treated, or – for patients with severe kidney disease – treated too late5,24. In this study, although iron therapy, cyanocobalamin and folic acid were used, erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (i.e., epoetin alfa (EPO) or darbepoetin alfa (DARB)) usewas absent in the anemic CKD residents studied. This compares to Artz et al.5, who found that only 2.9% of anemic nursing home residents had used such therapy and only 2.3% had received a red blood cell transfusion; these authors concluded that ‘anemia is common in nursing homes but directed therapy is not.’ Falls within the nursing home can have severe consequences. With aging, functional changes in the skin result in a decline in skin barrier function. Besides lacerations (and further Hb decline due to blood loss) that may result from falls, falls in the elderly can also be associated with serious injuries includinghead trauma and fractures25. In addition, patients may encounter serious quality of life (QoL) consequences. The fear of falling may lead to self-imposed functional limitations (‘post-fall anxiety syndrome’), cascading into decreased confidence in the ability to safely ambulate, further functional decline, and reduced overall QoL (e.g., depression, feelings of helplessness, social isolation) From the model, risk factors significantly associated with falling included older age, ADL score, anemia status, chronic kidney disease, and psychoactive medication use ( p50.05 for all). Of these, perhaps onlyanemia status, psychoactive medication use and possibly ADL score are potentially modifiable factors. Assuming an additive relationship, having anemia and using a psychoactive medication together would be associated with four times the risk of experiencing a fall; approximately 40% of the nursing home residents studied fit this high-risk criterion. From Table 5, when Hb level was substituted for anemia status in the falling model study, authors saw a negative 19% change (1.00–0.81) in probability of falls for every 1-g/dL positive change in Hb ( p¼0.001). This is equivalent to the 22% negative change in the risk of falls for every 1-g/dL positive change in Hb level that was found in Dharmarajan’s study of falls during hospitalization for older acute care patients17, but less than the 45% negative change in risk of falls per 1-g/dL positive change in Hb level found in their study of pre-admission falls in patients hospitalized for hip fracture
Age greater than 75 years clearly rises to dominance in the recurrent falls analysis. Only anemia ( p¼0.005) and psychoactive medication use ( p¼0.005) appear to be potentially modifiable conditions with a significant relationship with recurrent falls. When Hb level and gender are substituted within the model, risk of recurrent falls appears to change negatively by 24% with every 1-g/dL positive change in Hb level ( p¼0.0010)
This study did have several limitations. Due to the retrospective nature of chart review and the limited 6-month follow-up, associations between the baseline resident characteristics examined, anemia, and falls, cannot be assumed as causal. Study authors adjusted for differences between anemic and non-anemic residents statistically. However, such adjustments, though commonly employed and accepted, assumethat the appropriate factors were selected for inclusionand that these factors did not interact in a way that would have altered findings. The index Hb level was
the sole measure of anemia and may have preceded a fall event by up to 6 months. This study did not examine
Hb levels closer in time to fall events since this could introduce a bias favoring an anemia association if patients having anemia simply had more frequent blood tests during the follow-up period. Secondly, study authors used nurses employed within the nursing homes to perform data abstraction. Although study authors attempted to maintain quality control through data collection design, this study design was dependent upon reviewers within the nursing home to accurately abstract data from the resident chart to the data collection form. Thus, the accuracy of this recorded data cannot be assumed. Third, although study authors collected data on the presumed cause of the anemia, sufficient evidence was not available to reliably classify diagnosed anemia cases by type (e.g. acute or chronic) or etiology. Fourth, utilizing detailed medical records within the nursing home provides the potential advantage of more complete data than in a community-based study. However, the data available in the resident chart might not completely describe the current medical condition of all residents; for instance, as noted above, study authors suspected that true diagnoses of CKD were not complete, particularly since other researchers have found similar underreporting in other chart reviews. Finally, the use of anemia therapies identified in this study might potentially have confounded the relationships of the variables studied with hemoglobin level.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 2:[สำเนา]
คัดลอก!
Discussion
This current study of nursing home residents found that anemia prevalence was high, with approximately 56% of residents being anemic across the 40 nursing homes studied. This compares to the 48% prevalence rate that Artz et al.5 found in 900 residents in five nursing homes, and the 40% rate found in the single nursing home studied by Kalchthaler and Tan4. For nursing home residents over 70 years old, this study found a fourfold higher rate of anemia for both men
and women (Table 3) compared to the community rates found by Salive et al.3 Table 3 shows that 66% of male and 54% of female residents over 65 years were anemic, compared to rates of 11.0% and 10.2%, respectively, found by Guralnik et al.1 for the generalUS population over 65 years.
Unlike the strong relationship between advancing age and declining Hb levels found in older residents in previous community-based studies1,3, this study found no clear trend in either Hb or anemia status with advancing age (previous research has not explored an age–anemia relationship in nursing home residents). Even the younger residents studied had much higher rates of anemia than in the community: for residents under 65 years, 56% of men and 26% of women were anemic. One possible explanation for lack of a significant association between age and anemia in nursing home residentsmay be the many comorbid conditions and debilitating diseases typically found in residents in this setting.Younger patients in the nursing home typically have much more severe morbidity compared to their respective age cohorts in the community than do older nursing home residents.The age relationship seen in the community would be altered in the nursing home. Indeed, within the regression model, other factors, (gender, race, GFR, diabetes, cancer, GI bleeding, asthma and inflammatory disease) were found to be much better predictors for Hb level in nursing home residents. Another possible contributor to not finding a clear trend in anemia status with advancing age is incomplete information regarding treatment of anemia prior to the study period.
Previous research has shown a clear relationship between CKD and anemia.11 In this study, having a GFR560 was a strong predictor of Hb level, but a diagnosis of CKD was not. Perhaps the diagnosis was less reliable than GFR or was underreported. Although poor diet in residents with microalbuminuria may have caused a low GFR in the absence of chronic kidney disease, a study by Gross et al.22 has shown that, among three diets studied, the mean difference in GFR
between normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric patients was small, ranging from a difference of 0.3 to 6.3 mL/min/1.73m2. Low GFR had a prevalence that was three times greater than a CKD diagnosis. Further, these two variables were only modestly correlated (r¼0.26). Bolton et al.23 cite a pattern of under-recognition and under-treatment of CKD even in sophisticated health care systems. However, sufficient data were not available to adequately identify a CKD diagnosis unless this was specifically noted in the resident’s chart. In the current study, residents undergoing dialysis were excluded from analysis, thus truncating the lower end of the expected GFR range.
Previous research has found that anemia is underdiagnosed,under-treated, or – for patients with severe kidney disease – treated too late5,24. In this study, although iron therapy, cyanocobalamin and folic acid were used, erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (i.e., epoetin alfa (EPO) or darbepoetin alfa (DARB)) use
was absent in the anemic CKD residents studied. This compares to Artz et al.5, who found that only 2.9% of anemic nursing home residents had used such therapy and only 2.3% had received a red blood cell transfusion; these authors concluded that ‘anemia is common in nursing homes but directed therapy is not.’
Falls within the nursing home can have severe consequences. With aging, functional changes in the skin result in a decline in skin barrier function. Besides lacerations (and further Hb decline due to blood loss) that may result from falls, falls in the elderly can also be associated with serious injuries includinghead trauma and fractures25. In addition, patients may encounter serious quality of life (QoL) consequences. The fear of falling may lead to self-imposed functional limitations (‘post-fall anxiety syndrome’), cascading into decreased confidence in the ability to safely ambulate, further functional decline, and reduced overall QoL (e.g., depression, feelings of helplessness, social isolation)
From the model, risk factors significantly associated with falling included older age, ADL score, anemia status, chronic kidney disease, and psychoactive medication use ( p50.05 for all). Of these, perhaps only
anemia status, psychoactive medication use and possibly ADL score are potentially modifiable factors. Assuming an additive relationship, having anemia and using a psychoactive medication together would be associated with four times the risk of experiencing a fall; approximately 40% of the nursing home residents studied fit this high-risk criterion.
From Table 5, when Hb level was substituted for anemia status in the falling model study, authors saw a negative 19% change (1.00–0.81) in probability of falls for every 1-g/dL positive change in Hb ( p¼0.001). This is equivalent to the 22% negative change in the risk of falls for every 1-g/dL positive change in Hb level that was found in Dharmarajan’s study of falls during hospitalization for older acute care patients17, but less than the 45% negative change in risk of falls per 1-g/dL positive change in Hb level found in their study of pre-admission falls in patients hospitalized for hip fracture
Age greater than 75 years clearly rises to dominance in the recurrent falls analysis. Only anemia ( p¼0.005) and psychoactive medication use ( p¼0.005) appear to be potentially modifiable conditions with a significant relationship with recurrent falls. When Hb level and gender are substituted within the model, risk of recurrent falls appears to change negatively by 24% with every 1-g/dL positive change in Hb level ( p¼0.0010)
This study did have several limitations. Due to the retrospective nature of chart review and the limited 6-month follow-up, associations between the baseline resident characteristics examined, anemia, and falls, cannot be assumed as causal. Study authors adjusted for differences between anemic and non-anemic residents statistically. However, such adjustments, though commonly employed and accepted, assumethat the appropriate factors were selected for inclusionand that these factors did not interact in a way that would have altered findings. The index Hb level was
the sole measure of anemia and may have preceded a fall event by up to 6 months. This study did not examine
Hb levels closer in time to fall events since this could introduce a bias favoring an anemia association if patients having anemia simply had more frequent blood tests during the follow-up period. Secondly, study authors used nurses employed within the nursing homes to perform data abstraction. Although study authors attempted to maintain quality control through data collection design, this study design was dependent upon reviewers within the nursing home to accurately abstract data from the resident chart to the data collection form. Thus, the accuracy of this recorded data cannot be assumed. Third, although study authors collected data on the presumed cause of the anemia, sufficient evidence was not available to reliably classify diagnosed anemia cases by type (e.g. acute or chronic) or etiology. Fourth, utilizing detailed medical records within the nursing home provides the potential advantage of more complete data than in a community-based study. However, the data available in the resident chart might not completely describe the current medical condition of all residents; for instance, as noted above, study authors suspected that true diagnoses of CKD were not complete, particularly since other researchers have found similar underreporting in other chart reviews. Finally, the use of anemia therapies identified in this study might potentially have confounded the relationships of the variables studied with hemoglobin level.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 3:[สำเนา]
คัดลอก!
Discussion
This current study of nursing home residents found that anemia prevalence was high, with approximately 56% of residents being anemic across the 40 nursing homes studied. This compares to the 48% prevalence rate that Artz et al.5 found in 900 residents in five nursing homes, and the 40% rate found in the single nursing home studied by Kalchthaler and Tan4. For nursing home residents over 70 years old, this study found a fourfold higher rate of anemia for both men
and women (Table 3) compared to the community rates found by Salive et al.3 Table 3 shows that 66% of male and 54% of female residents over 65 years were anemic, compared to rates of 11.0% and 10.2%, respectively, found by Guralnik et al.1 for the generalUS population over 65 years.
Unlike the strong relationship between advancing age and declining Hb levels found in older residents in previous community-based studies1,3, this study found no clear trend in either Hb or anemia status with advancing age (previous research has not explored an age–anemia relationship in nursing home residents).แม้แต่น้อง ผู้ศึกษามีอัตราที่สูงมากของโรคโลหิตจางมากกว่าในชุมชน : โครงการภายใต้ 65 ปี 56 % ของผู้ชายและ 26% ของผู้หญิงเป็นโลหิตจาง คำอธิบายที่เป็นไปได้สำหรับหนึ่งขาดความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างอายุและภาวะโลหิตจางในบ้านพยาบาล residentsmay เป็นหลาย comorbid เงื่อนไขและ debilitating โรคมักจะพบในที่อาศัยอยู่ในการตั้งค่านี้Younger patients in the nursing home typically have much more severe morbidity compared to their respective age cohorts in the community than do older nursing home residents.The age relationship seen in the community would be altered in the nursing home. Indeed, within the regression model, other factors, (gender, race, GFR, diabetes, cancer, GI bleeding,โรคหืดและโรคอักเสบ ) พบว่าสามารถทำนายได้ดี ระดับฮีโมโกลบินในสถานพยาบาลที่อาศัยอยู่ อีกหนึ่งผู้สนับสนุนที่เป็นไปได้ที่จะไม่พบแนวโน้มที่ชัดเจนในภาวะโลหิตจางที่มี advancing อายุเป็นข้อมูลที่สมบูรณ์เกี่ยวกับการรักษาโรคโลหิตจางก่อนการทดลอง การวิจัยก่อนหน้าได้
แสดงความสัมพันธ์ที่ชัดเจนระหว่าง CKD และ anemia.11 ในการศึกษานี้มี gfr560 เป็นการทำนายที่แข็งแกร่งของระดับฮีโมโกลบิน แต่การวินิจฉัยของโลกไม่ได้ บางทีการวินิจฉัยเป็นที่เชื่อถือได้น้อยกว่าอัตราการกรองที่ไตหรือ underreported . แม้ว่าอาหารที่ยากจนในผู้ที่มีโรคไตอาจเกิดจาก GFR ต่ำในการขาดงานของโรคไตเรื้อรัง ศึกษา โดยรวมและ al.22 ได้แสดงให้เห็นว่า ในบรรดาสามอาหารศึกษา หมายถึง ความแตกต่างของ GFR
ระหว่างผู้ป่วยและ normoalbuminuric microalbuminuric เล็ก ตั้งแต่ความแตกต่างของ 0.3 ถึง 6.3 ml / min / 1.73m2 . GFR ต่ำมีความชุกที่มากกว่าเป็น CKD การวินิจฉัย 3 ครั้ง เพิ่มเติมเหล่านี้สองตัวแปรเพียงอย่างถ่อมตัว มีความสัมพันธ์ ( r ¼ 0.26 ) โบลตันและ al.23 อ้างถึงรูปแบบภายใต้การรับรู้และภายใต้การรักษาของ CKD แม้ในระบบการดูแลสุขภาพที่ซับซ้อน อย่างไรก็ตามข้อมูลเพียงพอที่จะไม่สามารถใช้ได้อย่างเพียงพอ ระบุยังมีการวินิจฉัย นอกจากนี้โดยเฉพาะไว้ในแผนภูมิของถิ่นที่อยู่ ในการศึกษาปัจจุบัน ชาวบ้านที่ฟอกเลือดถูกแยกออกจากการวิเคราะห์จึงตัดปลายล่างของคาดลดลงช่วง งานวิจัยก่อนหน้านี้พบว่ามีภาวะโลหิตจาง
เป็น underdiagnosed ภายใต้การรักษาหรือ–สำหรับผู้ป่วยโรคไตรุนแรงและรักษาด้วย late5,24 . ในการศึกษานี้ แม้ว่าการรักษาเหล็ก , วิตามินบี 12 และกรดโฟลิคถูกใช้กระตุ้นตัวแทนราชวงศ์โจว ( เช่น โพ ตินอัลฟา ( EPO ) หรือ darbepoetin อัลฟา ( พอเหอะ ) ) ใช้
ไม่อยู่ในภาวะโลหิตจางยังมีผู้ศึกษา นี้จะเปรียบเทียบกับอาร์ตส et al . 5 ที่พบว่ามีเพียง 29% of anemic nursing home residents had used such therapy and only 2.3% had received a red blood cell transfusion; these authors concluded that ‘anemia is common in nursing homes but directed therapy is not.’
Falls within the nursing home can have severe consequences. With aging, functional changes in the skin result in a decline in skin barrier function.นอกจากแผลถลอก ( และต่อไป Hb ลดลงเนื่องจากการสูญเสียเลือด ) ที่อาจเกิดจากการล้ม ล้มในผู้สูงอายุที่ยังสามารถที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการบาดเจ็บที่ร้ายแรง includinghead บาดแผล และ fractures25 . นอกจากนี้ผู้ป่วยอาจพบคุณภาพที่ร้ายแรงของชีวิต ( ชีวิต ) ตามมา ความกลัวของการล้มอาจนำไปสู่การกำหนดข้อ จำกัด การทำงานด้วยตนเอง ( 'post-fall ความวิตกกังวล ซินโดรม ' )น้ำตกในลดลงความมั่นใจในความสามารถในการได้อย่างปลอดภัย เดินไปเดินมา ปฏิเสธต่อการทำงาน และคุณภาพชีวิตโดยรวมลดลง ( เช่น ซึมเศร้า ความรู้สึก helplessness เหยียบขี้ไก่ไม่ฝ่อ )
จากรูปแบบความสัมพันธ์กับปัจจัยเสี่ยงลดลง รวม อายุ ระหว่างคะแนน , โรคโลหิตจาง , ภาวะไตวายเรื้อรัง และใช้ยา psychoactive ( p50.05 ทั้งหมด ) ของเหล่านี้อาจจะเพียง
anemia status, psychoactive medication use and possibly ADL score are potentially modifiable factors. Assuming an additive relationship, having anemia and using a psychoactive medication together would be associated with four times the risk of experiencing a fall; approximately 40% of the nursing home residents studied fit this high-risk criterion.
From Table 5,
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
 
ภาษาอื่น ๆ
การสนับสนุนเครื่องมือแปลภาษา: กรีก, กันนาดา, กาลิเชียน, คลิงออน, คอร์สิกา, คาซัค, คาตาลัน, คินยารวันดา, คีร์กิซ, คุชราต, จอร์เจีย, จีน, จีนดั้งเดิม, ชวา, ชิเชวา, ซามัว, ซีบัวโน, ซุนดา, ซูลู, ญี่ปุ่น, ดัตช์, ตรวจหาภาษา, ตุรกี, ทมิฬ, ทาจิก, ทาทาร์, นอร์เวย์, บอสเนีย, บัลแกเรีย, บาสก์, ปัญจาป, ฝรั่งเศส, พาชตู, ฟริเชียน, ฟินแลนด์, ฟิลิปปินส์, ภาษาอินโดนีเซี, มองโกเลีย, มัลทีส, มาซีโดเนีย, มาราฐี, มาลากาซี, มาลายาลัม, มาเลย์, ม้ง, ยิดดิช, ยูเครน, รัสเซีย, ละติน, ลักเซมเบิร์ก, ลัตเวีย, ลาว, ลิทัวเนีย, สวาฮิลี, สวีเดน, สิงหล, สินธี, สเปน, สโลวัก, สโลวีเนีย, อังกฤษ, อัมฮาริก, อาร์เซอร์ไบจัน, อาร์เมเนีย, อาหรับ, อิกโบ, อิตาลี, อุยกูร์, อุสเบกิสถาน, อูรดู, ฮังการี, ฮัวซา, ฮาวาย, ฮินดี, ฮีบรู, เกลิกสกอต, เกาหลี, เขมร, เคิร์ด, เช็ก, เซอร์เบียน, เซโซโท, เดนมาร์ก, เตลูกู, เติร์กเมน, เนปาล, เบงกอล, เบลารุส, เปอร์เซีย, เมารี, เมียนมา (พม่า), เยอรมัน, เวลส์, เวียดนาม, เอสเปอแรนโต, เอสโทเนีย, เฮติครีโอล, แอฟริกา, แอลเบเนีย, โคซา, โครเอเชีย, โชนา, โซมาลี, โปรตุเกส, โปแลนด์, โยรูบา, โรมาเนีย, โอเดีย (โอริยา), ไทย, ไอซ์แลนด์, ไอร์แลนด์, การแปลภาษา.

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