CONCLUSION
It may be concluded that the most of the cases
are under severe mental retardation. More
number of individuals is observed above 30 years
of maternal age. Consanguinity is very high in
mental retardation patients when compare with
controls. More number of alcoholics and smokers
were observed in study group when compared
with control group. Paternal smoking and
maternal consumption of alcohol are related to
higher incidence of mental retardation in
offspring. Chi–square tests for place, menarchial
ages of mothers, paternal age, paternal smoking,
and gestational period nature of delivery shows
the risk of mental retardation in offsprings is
significantly high. Recent studies have implicated
the habit of smoking in prenatal condition
increasing the risk of mental retardation. Use of
alcohol or drugs by the pregnant mother can
cause mental retardation. More number of
abortions and still births are observed in study
group it may be due to consanguineous marriages
or Rh incompatibility. Mentally retarded cases
are having pre and post natal histories.