It may be noted that |z ∗ | = |z|. Also, the conjugate of a product is a product of conjugates so that (uv) ∗ = u ∗v ∗ . Similarly, the conjugate of a sum is the sum of conjugates so that (u + v) ∗ = u ∗ + v ∗ . Finally, the conjugate of a conjugate is the function itself, i.e. (z ∗ ) ∗ = z. Put another way, complex conjugation “toggles.”