8.5. Black scabbardfish
In some cases, deep-sea fishes have been targeted for more than a century, mainly around oceanic islands with steep slopes [95]. These fisheries are typically labor-intensive and use han-dlines or longlines from small boats. The Madeira traditional deepwater fishery is one of the more longstanding examples. It probably started in the early 1800s when local fisherman targeting squalid sharks between 600 and 800 m depth for oil to light their homes accidentally caught black scabbardfish (Apha-nopus carbo, Trichiuridae) [96,97]. Its quality and flavor quickly made this fish the ‘‘trusty friend for poor local communities’’ [96] and an important fishery for Madeira Island.