Achievement of biological researches on mutations induced by Gamma-ray irradiation
Deletion size generated by Gamma-ray Naito, et al. [31] studied the deletion sizes of transmissible and nontransmissible mutations induced with Gamma-ray and carbon ion beam irradiation by the sophisticated pollen-irradiation methods in Arabidopsis . It has been revealed that most mutants induced with these ionizing irradiations possess extremely large deletions (more than 6 Mbp), most of which are not transmittable to the next generation, as well as small deletions (1 or 4 bp), which are normally transmissible. In rice, the same tendency was observed in transmissible mutants. Morita (unpublished) researched the frequency of transmission of different mutations possessing different deletion sizes as obtained with Gamma-ray irradiation in rice. Among 11 Gamma-ray induced mutants, one GluA2 mutant exhibited 1 base pair (bp) substitution, and among 10 mutants with a deletion, the deletion size of 6 mutants, which include CAO ( chlorophyllide-a oxygenase ), GA3os ( GA3-beta-hydroxylase ), GluA1 ( glutelin A1 ), and GluA2 ( glutelin A2 ) are 1 bp deletion, and those of the other CAO mutants and PLA1 ( Plastochron1 ) are 3 and 5 bp deletions, respectively. Those of GluB4/5 ( Glutelin B4/5 ), two α-globulin mutants are more than 10 kbp, 15 kbp, and 90 kbp, respectively. It is very interesting that the Gamma-ray induced mutations transmittable to the next generation are primarily classified into 2 groups, the one with extremely a large deletion and the other with small deletions (1 to 5 bp). We are not sure whether or not it is very difficult to obtain mutants with medium deletion size by Gamma-ray irradiations. However, we are accumulating data to elucidate it.
Achievement of biological researches on mutations induced by Gamma-ray irradiationDeletion size generated by Gamma-ray Naito, et al. [31] studied the deletion sizes of transmissible and nontransmissible mutations induced with Gamma-ray and carbon ion beam irradiation by the sophisticated pollen-irradiation methods in Arabidopsis . It has been revealed that most mutants induced with these ionizing irradiations possess extremely large deletions (more than 6 Mbp), most of which are not transmittable to the next generation, as well as small deletions (1 or 4 bp), which are normally transmissible. In rice, the same tendency was observed in transmissible mutants. Morita (unpublished) researched the frequency of transmission of different mutations possessing different deletion sizes as obtained with Gamma-ray irradiation in rice. Among 11 Gamma-ray induced mutants, one GluA2 mutant exhibited 1 base pair (bp) substitution, and among 10 mutants with a deletion, the deletion size of 6 mutants, which include CAO ( chlorophyllide-a oxygenase ), GA3os ( GA3-beta-hydroxylase ), GluA1 ( glutelin A1 ), and GluA2 ( glutelin A2 ) are 1 bp deletion, and those of the other CAO mutants and PLA1 ( Plastochron1 ) are 3 and 5 bp deletions, respectively. Those of GluB4/5 ( Glutelin B4/5 ), two α-globulin mutants are more than 10 kbp, 15 kbp, and 90 kbp, respectively. It is very interesting that the Gamma-ray induced mutations transmittable to the next generation are primarily classified into 2 groups, the one with extremely a large deletion and the other with small deletions (1 to 5 bp). We are not sure whether or not it is very difficult to obtain mutants with medium deletion size by Gamma-ray irradiations. However, we are accumulating data to elucidate it.
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