Excelle
nt
biolog
ical
tech
nologies
and
mate
rials
in
natu
re
for
maintai
ning
the
living
system
s
provi
de
us
with
inspir-
ing
pr
ocesses
and
featur
es.
For
exam
ple,
the
silkwor
m
and
spiders
produce
marv
elous
fibers,
such
as
silk
and
spider'
s
web
,
resp
ectively.
[1,
2]
The
exte
nsibility
and
the
tensil
e
strength
of
silk
wer
e
measu
red
to
be
approx
i-
mately
20±
25%
and
588±98
0
MPa,
respec
tively,
and
those
of
wool
were
rep
orted
to
be
30±40%
and
250
±500
MPa.
These
fibrous
mate
rials
mainly
consi
st
of
proteins
with
ami
de
bon
ds
in
their
back
bone
stru
ctures.
For
both
basic
science
and
engineering
purpose
s,
these
well
-
designed
natu
ral
biopolym
er
stru
ctures
and
functi
ons
have
attracted
the
inte
rest
of
sc
ientists
in
variou
s
fields.
[3,
4]
As
early
as
1926±1
938,
W.
H.
Carothers
suc-
cessful
ly
pr
oduced
a
syntheti
c
polyam
ide
fiber
called
nylon.
Nylon
has
had
an
important
impact
on
and
was
the
basis
for
man
y
kinds
of
synt
hetic
fiber
industr
ies
during
the
middl
e
20t
h
century
througho
ut
the
world.
[5,
6]
The
syntheti
c
fiber
nylon,
whi
ch
was
made
from
coal,
wat
er
Excelle
nt
biolog
ical
tech
nologies
and
mate
rials
in
natu
re
for
maintai
ning
the
living
system
s
provi
de
us
with
inspir-
ing
pr
ocesses
and
featur
es.
For
exam
ple,
the
silkwor
m
and
spiders
produce
marv
elous
fibers,
such
as
silk
and
spider'
s
web
,
resp
ectively.
[1,
2]
The
exte
nsibility
and
the
tensil
e
strength
of
silk
wer
e
measu
red
to
be
approx
i-
mately
20±
25%
and
588±98
0
MPa,
respec
tively,
and
those
of
wool
were
rep
orted
to
be
30±40%
and
250
±500
MPa.
These
fibrous
mate
rials
mainly
consi
st
of
proteins
with
ami
de
bon
ds
in
their
back
bone
stru
ctures.
For
both
basic
science
and
engineering
purpose
s,
these
well
-
designed
natu
ral
biopolym
er
stru
ctures
and
functi
ons
have
attracted
the
inte
rest
of
sc
ientists
in
variou
s
fields.
[3,
4]
As
early
as
1926±1
938,
W.
H.
Carothers
suc-
cessful
ly
pr
oduced
a
syntheti
c
polyam
ide
fiber
called
nylon.
Nylon
has
had
an
important
impact
on
and
was
the
basis
for
man
y
kinds
of
synt
hetic
fiber
industr
ies
during
the
middl
e
20t
h
century
througho
ut
the
world.
[5,
6]
The
syntheti
c
fiber
nylon,
whi
ch
was
made
from
coal,
wat
er
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