Mastery orientation, performance-approach orientation, and performance-avoidance orientation were measured with three items each. Mastery orientation was indicated by an emphasis on student improvement and effort. Examples of items are “In my teaching I am concerned with individual student improvement” and “I feel successful when I get the students to do their best”. Performance-approach orientation was indicated by a concern that one's own students should achieve better than other students. Examples of items are “It is important to me that my students do better than other students” and “I try to show other teachers how good results my students achieve”. Performance-avoidance orientation was indicated by a concern not to be perceived as a poor teacher. Examples of items are “I often worry about how I am perceived by the school leadership” and “I am concerned not to be one of the poorest teachers at school.” Cronbachs’ alphas for mastery orientation, performance-approach orientation, and performance-avoidance orientation were .65, .75, and .74, respectively.