Against pursuing with the characterization
of axenic microbes, which represents a shortcut in pathogen
characterization,major challenges still rely on the optimization
of ID procedures for fastidious, slow growing and anaerobe
bacteria and in the generation of microbial charts describing
the complexity of polymicrobial cultures from direct samples
(e.g., blood cultures, liquor, urine, bronchoalveolar lavage [BAL])
or microbial ecosystems