The data were presented as mean ฑ standard deviation (SD) of three determinations. A probability value of p < 0.05 was considered significant. A similar procedure was followed for the active bioplastics prepared, but replacing the paper discs by a square piece (1 _ 1 cm2) of that material. Alternatively, bioplastic antimicrobial activity was tested by placing the specimen under the lid of the Petry dish, so that the material is not in contact with the inoculated agar. In that case, inhibition would arise from the development of an antimicrobial atmosphere.