According to Whitehead,68 there is strong consensus for health promotion among nurses. And although there is a general understanding of health promotion, nurses struggle with understanding theoretical perspective related to health behavior change, best approaches, and evaluation of outcomes. Theory, specifically midrange theory, is useful because it provides an explanation of various situations and phenomenon. Although a great deal has been learned about health behavior change, challenges to nurses and other healthcare professionals are increasing. New theories are needed, theories building on past conceptual and empirical work.