All data were analysed using SPSS Inc. Software (version 20)
(SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, United States). Data presented were
mean ± standard deviations from three separate runs (n = 3). An
independent T-test was used to compare the significant difference
between means, unless stated otherwise, with a significant level of
a = 0.05. A paired T-test was used to test the differences in pH and
viable counts of L. helveticus before and after cream fermentation;
and viability of L. helveticus upon churning