Fabrication of thermoplastic cassava starch-raw kenaf (TPCSK), thermoplastic cassava starch-alkali treated kenaf (TPCS-KA), thermoplastic cassava starch-bleached kenaf (TPCS-KB), and thermoplastic cassava starch-cellulose nanocrystals (TPCS-CNCs) biocomposite films was based on solution casting according to previous study with modifications (Fama et al., 2006).