Lastly, we investigated the relationship between product modularity and relational governance. The relationship was not significant (b=0.209, t=1.623), indicating that there is no mediation possibility among product modularity, relational governance, and TSU. Then, we included cultural distance as a moderator in the relationship between product modularity and relational governance. There was no significant association between them (b=0.022,t=0.139). The moderating effect of cultural distance on the relationship between product modularity and relational governance was weaker than its effect on relational governance alone. These results support our theory and empirical results.