ABSTRACT
Our project deals with the Design of a
grade separator in an intersection. The location is
at four roads junction at SALEM town, which is
facing major traffic problems due to the
construction. We have done a traffic survey and
designed all the structural parts for this grade
separator.
The grade separator is of 640 m length with 21
spans, 20m per span. It consists of a deck slab,
longitudinal girders, cross girders, deck beam,
pier and foundation. Structural design of one span
was made for all the above components.
Slab is designed by Working stress method as
per the recommendation of IRC:21-2000, Clause
304.2.1. Cantilever slab is designed for maximum
moment due to cantilever action. Longitudinal
girders are designed by Courbon’s method. Cross
girders are designed mainly for stiffness to
longitudinal girders. Elastomeric reinforced
bearing plate is used.
The deck beam is designed as a cantilever on a
pier. The Pier is designed for the axial dead load
and live load from the slab, girders, deck beam.
Foundation designed as footing for the safe load
bearing in the soil. All the elements are designed
by using M25
grade concrete and Fe415grade steel. Designs are
based on Working stress and Limit state method
as per IRC: 21-2000 and IS: 456-2000.
OBJECTIVE
The project area is having very high density
of traffic flow. The public felt inconvenient to
cross the busy Salem-krishnagiri highways &
therefore the flyover is essentially required at the
junction.
For easy traffic flow of agricultural goods
and industrial goods without traffic congestion
flyover or over bridges is essential to overcome
the traffic congestion required.
Our project deals with the Design of a
grade separator in an intersection. The location
is at four roads junction at SALEM town, which
is facing major traffic problems due to the
construction.
We have done a traffic survey and
designed all the structural parts for this grade
separator.
All the drawings are drafted by AutoCAD
2013 and analysis by STAAD pro vis8.
I. INTRODUCTION
Present trend of development:
Our nation being primarily an
agricultural country. 90% of population is
depending upon it and 10% of population
depending upon industrial activities. For
conveying the product materials such as food
grains, industrial goods the roads are essential.
The roads and bridges are very important for
growth of economy of the country. Now our
country is being developed by developing roads
and bridges.
Types of roads and bridges:
In our country there are so many types of
roads are being constructed,
1) Cart roads
2) Minor district roads
3) Major district roads
4) Sate highway roads
5) National highways roads
Accordingly the culverts bridges,
flyover, are being constructed as mentioned
below,
For small cart road and minor district
roads, small culverts bridges, small flyover are
constructed with minimum class A load. For