The degraded land rehabilitation programs that was actually initiated since 1930 in Jawa, and
more intensive since 1976 when FAO supported loan for Upper Solo Watershed Management
and Upland Development project, and the availability of Aforestation and Reforestation
Grant through Presidential Instruction No. 8/76, 1976 are more focused on direct reduction of
surface run-off and erosion through physical measures approaches such as trees planting,
terraces, check dams and other constructions development, but less attention to find and solve
the root problems causes the deforestation and inappropriate land uses itself.