As globalization increased in scale and scope, locations enabling an efficient
articulation between different systems of circulation have become more relevant.
Within global maritime shipping networks, hubs have emerged to connect regional
and global systems, while creating functional regions on the maritime foreland
(Rodrigue and Notteboom 2009). For the maritime/land interface, gateways have
become significant logistical clusters. Gateways include terminal infrastructures
such as ports, rail terminals and freight distribution centers, but supply chain
management activities as well. That ensures continuity within global supply chains.
Yet, the role and function of gateways and their corridors vary according to the
geographical setting, which has an impact on modal and operational considerations.