Conclusion
Much of the patient safety improvement literature calls for moving away from a negative,
punishment-governed culture of blame to a more empathic, interdependent, and positive context
for discussing and preventing medical errors. However, for optimal patient safety improvement,
the culture of health care needs to be modified so caregivers and their patients feel safe reporting
and learning from medical mistakes observed or anticipated. OBM can increase and maintain
desirable behavior, but it is necessary to define the behaviors that need to be avoided and those
that need to be increased.