Brody et al. (2001) refer to early attempts to scavenge oxygen using ferrous sulfate the 1920s. An early patent was authored by Tallgren (1938), who proposed the use iron, zinc or manganese to remove oxygen foods. This approach was developed further, but research focused on the use of iron powder in sachets of poron material. Since the oxidation of iron is not inherently rapid approach of adding acce erators or adsorbents became popular. Addition of sodium carbonate was patented