The natural evolution of a lagoon like Orbetello leads to eutro-phication, water logging and drainage. However, two thousandyears ago, man stopped this natural evolution in order to utilizethe lagoon as a fish farm. Following this decision, the society hasfaced many events of anoxia over the centuries. This phenomenonincreased after the Second World War, when industrial growthincreased the population, tourism and fish farming and led to anincrease in urban, agricultural and industrial waste waters. In thelast 45 years, 10 main events of anoxia resulted in huge deathsof aerobic organisms, in particular in 1993, when 90 t of deadfish were caught (Innamorati and Melillo, 2004). Currently, thebasin authority follows three main strategies in order to limit thisphenomenon: (1) Macroalgal mass removal from the lagoon by har-vesting with boats; (2) the increase of water exchange between seaand lagoon by pumps; (3) the reduction of anthropogenic nutrientinput.