Participants indicated their response in different ways. One mode of response was verbal. Participants said “yes” or “no,” as … (ดูไม่ออก) Another response mode was spatial. Participants were given a response sheet on which the letters Y and N were printed in an irregular pattern and were told to point to either a Y or and N in each row to indicate their responses. Brooks (1968) found that participants took almost 2.5 times longer when they responded by pointing than they did when responding verbally.