The frailty and insecurity of life
In addition to this cause-and-effect nature of life, there is also an emphasis placed on its
impermanence (anicca) and insubstantiality (anatta), through another law of mutation also
referred to as the law of change. This law is expressed in the following formula : "all compound
things are impermanent."6 By definition a compound object cannot be static or stable. In
Buddhism this is extended to the idea that everything physical or mental is by nature transitory
and in a constant state of change. Whatever rises must fall. This state of change must thereby
result in decline and decay. In this sense existence is an unending cycle of growth and decay,
integration and disintegration. That change is the very essence of existence is implied by the law
of mutation, and this is applied to the life process. In this process the apparent unity of existence
is divided into five aggregates, known as the khandhas. These five aggregates are material form
(rupa), feeling (vedana), perception (sanna), disposition (sankhara) and consciousness (vinnana)
and they include three traits : arising, remaining and passing away.7 Owing to its ephemeral
nature, life is like a dream, quite brief and fleeting. However, Buddhism encourages us to work
with this fleeting nature of life. Buddhism teaches that life, however brief, should be lived
fruitfully so that there are no regrets. By emphasizing that the present moment is of paramount
importance, Buddhism defines this moment as both cause and effect. As an effect the present is
the product of the past, and as a cause it is the building block of the future. It is the only moment
of life that one can free oneself from the effects of the past and at the same time project oneself
into the future.
The void in life
Along with the frailty and insecurity of life, it is believed that at the center of existence there is a
void. This void is the result of the insubstantial nature of life, and the aggregates, although
forming a recognizable and perceivable object, do not produce a substance " all of them are
insubstantial, a part of the endless movement of life. Even consciousness, considered the most
important of the five aggregate, is in a state of constant flux. It has no stable quality and thus
cannot remain constant for even a single second. In the thinking process, as thoughts enter and
leave, there is no substantial ego. The apparent sameness seen in life is actually the continuity of
preceding causes and subsequent effects. An analogy would be a process of filming in which
projections are made of a series of running movements by many people to give the appearance of
the action of one running person. The unity arises from continuity. It is the spectator who
perceives this series as a single person. In the same way there is no identity in the process of
change. What exists is the rapid change and unbroken line of causes and effects. This gives rise
to the concept of a substantial self in the same way that one ray of light is produced by a
succession of flames.
The reality and illusion of life
Despite this plain fact of experience people still believe in ego-consciousness, clinging to the
fallacy that there is a permanent, abiding substance of Soul in and behind consciousness. Life for
them is therefore a reality and an illusion. The five aggregates are real, but the enduring Ego is
illusion. The term "self" is a name for the linkage of all five aggregates just as the term "human
being" refers to an aggregate of body and mind. For Buddhism this term "self" is a societal
invention for the purpose of communication. Therefore the "self" is an idea, not real. Devoid of a
substantial Ego, life is like a bubble, with its center a void. This non-egocentric view of life is a
Frailty และความไม่มั่นคงของชีวิตนอกจากนี้ลักษณะสาเหตุ และผลของชีวิต มีความสำคัญอยู่ในนั้นอนิจจัง (anicca) และ insubstantiality (อนัตตา), ผ่านกฎหมายอื่นของการกลายพันธุ์ยังเรียกว่ากฎหมายเปลี่ยนแปลง กฎหมายนี้ถูกแสดงในสูตรต่อไปนี้: "ทั้งหมดผสมสิ่ง impermanent" 6 โดยนิยาม วัตถุผสมไม่ได้คงที่ หรือมีเสถียรภาพ ในพระพุทธศาสนานี้จะขยายไปยังความคิดที่ทุกสิ่งทางกายภาพ หรือจิตใจตามธรรมชาติอนิยมและ ในสถานะคงที่ของการเปลี่ยนแปลง เพียงมาต้องตกอยู่ ต้องเปลี่ยนแปลงสถานะนี้จึงส่งผลลดลงและผุ ในนี้ มีอยู่เป็นวงจรบริษัทฯ เติบโตและผุรวมและบูรณภาพ ว่าการเปลี่ยนแปลงสำคัญของการดำรงอยู่เป็นนัยตามกฎหมายกำหนดของการกลายพันธุ์ และนี้จะใช้กับกระบวนการของชีวิต ในกระบวนการนี้ความชัดเจนของการดำรงอยู่ถูกแบ่งออกเป็น 5 ผล เป็น khandhas ผลเหล่านี้ห้ามีแบบฟอร์มวัสดุ(rupa), ความรู้สึก (เวดาน่า), รับรู้ (ซานนา), ครอบครอง (sankhara) และจิตสำนึก (vinnana)และพวกเขารวมถึงลักษณะที่สาม: เกิดขึ้น ที่เหลือ และช่วย away.7 เนื่องจากเป็นข้อมูลแบบชั่วคราวธรรมชาติ ชีวิตเป็นเหมือนความฝัน ค่อนข้างสั้น และลี้ อย่างไรก็ตาม ศาสนาพุทธสอนเราทำงานกับธรรมชาตินี้ลี้ของชีวิต พุทธศาสนาสอนว่า ชีวิต โดยย่ออย่างไรก็ตาม ควรอาศัยfruitfully เพื่อที่ regrets ไม่ โดยเน้นที่ ปัจจุบันเป็นของพาราเม้าท์importance, Buddhism defines this moment as both cause and effect. As an effect the present isthe product of the past, and as a cause it is the building block of the future. It is the only momentof life that one can free oneself from the effects of the past and at the same time project oneselfinto the future.The void in lifeAlong with the frailty and insecurity of life, it is believed that at the center of existence there is avoid. This void is the result of the insubstantial nature of life, and the aggregates, althoughforming a recognizable and perceivable object, do not produce a substance " all of them areinsubstantial, a part of the endless movement of life. Even consciousness, considered the mostimportant of the five aggregate, is in a state of constant flux. It has no stable quality and thuscannot remain constant for even a single second. In the thinking process, as thoughts enter andleave, there is no substantial ego. The apparent sameness seen in life is actually the continuity ofpreceding causes and subsequent effects. An analogy would be a process of filming in whichprojections are made of a series of running movements by many people to give the appearance ofthe action of one running person. The unity arises from continuity. It is the spectator whoperceives this series as a single person. In the same way there is no identity in the process ofchange. What exists is the rapid change and unbroken line of causes and effects. This gives riseto the concept of a substantial self in the same way that one ray of light is produced by asuccession of flames.The reality and illusion of lifeDespite this plain fact of experience people still believe in ego-consciousness, clinging to thefallacy that there is a permanent, abiding substance of Soul in and behind consciousness. Life forthem is therefore a reality and an illusion. The five aggregates are real, but the enduring Ego isillusion. The term "self" is a name for the linkage of all five aggregates just as the term "humanbeing" refers to an aggregate of body and mind. For Buddhism this term "self" is a societalinvention for the purpose of communication. Therefore the "self" is an idea, not real. Devoid of asubstantial Ego, life is like a bubble, with its center a void. This non-egocentric view of life is a
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