Findings showed no quantitative difference in frequency of practices between teachers in the control group and the lesson study group either before or after the Lesson Study. Lesson Study
Observation Checklists indicated an impact of the lesson study discussion process on instruction within the Lesson Study group. Interviews revealed homogeneity in the methods, strategies, and climates teachers employ to foster creative and critical thinking. Findings revealed climates that promote creative and critical thinking are supportive of collaboration, trusting, and valuing of creativity. This study concluded that the instruction of creative and critical thinking is primarily influenced by four factors: the use of research-proven strategies that foster students’ creative and critical thinking, teachers’ own definitions of and experiences with creativity, participation in professional development activities that include dialogue and reflection such as the Lesson Study approach, and a school atmosphere that values, supports, and encourages collaboration and teacher-designed, student-centered instructional methods.