However, there is a long way to put the theoretic results into
practical usage. Because the congestion in real applicationspecific
NoC is hard to handle. Congestion-aware adaptive
routing methods were proposed, e.g., regional congestion
awareness (RCA) [1], proximity congestion awareness (PCA)
[2], look-ahead congestion detection [3] and neighbors-onpath
(NoP) selection [4], but they were lack of accurate pathcongestion
detection. Chang et al. [5] combined both the
channel congestion and switch congestion for path congestion
prediction, but it was easy to fall into local optimal results.
Even more, it was lack of worst-case analysis. So systematic
approaches are needed to improve both global path-congestion
and worst-case performance.