Most of the disasters strike without prediction and expectation leading to limited preparation for mitigating the same. Disasters create a massive demand for relief aids that include food, medicines, shelter, water and other resources. Efficient emergency operations are required to increase the supply of relief aids. Managing emergency humanitarian logistics operations is more complex due to the risks and uncertainties that accompany any disaster.
This poses difficulties in the planning and mitigation phases in the event that a disaster is expected. In the response phase, damages in transportation medium such as road, rail, compounded with uncertainties in demand, supply and environmental conditions further complicates humanitarian operations.