Myoma Uterine
Causes
The cause of fibroids is not known; however, their development seems to be associated with the female hormone, estrogen. Fibroids appear during the childbearing years when a woman’s estrogen levels are high.
The risk factors for a myoma
A number of factors increase the risk of developing a fibroid. Not all people with risk factors will develop a fibroid. Risk factors include:
• Early onset of menses
• High weight or obesity
• No history of giving birth
symptoms
You may experience fibroid symptoms daily or only occasionally. Any of these symptoms can be severe:
• Abdominal, pelvic, or lower back pain that can be severe, episodic, or constant
• Abdominal pressure
• Abdominal swelling, distension or bloating
• Heavy bleeding during menstrual period (menorrhagia)
• Longer than normal menstrual periods
• Pain during sexual intercourse
• Urgent need to urinate
• Vaginal bleeding between menstrual periods
Serious symptoms that might indicate a life-threatening condition
• Abdominal, pelvic, or lower back pain that can be severe
• Confusion or loss of consciousness for even a brief moment
• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Dizziness or fainting
• Pale skin or pallor
• Rapid heart rate (tachycardia)
Treatments
Treatment options include:
• Hormones to regulate the menstrual cycle or to reduce symptoms such as oral contraceptive pills
• Hysterectomy (removal of the uterus)
• Hysteroscopic removal of the uterine fibroids using a hysteroscope (instrument to visualize the endometrial cavity)
• Intrauterine device to release progestin within uterus to stop bleeding and pain
• Myomectomy (surgical removal of the fibroids)
• Pain control medications, such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) or acetaminophen (Tylenol)
• Uterine artery embolization (procedure that interrupts the blood supply to fibroids)
Prevention
By Mayo Clinic Staff : Although researchers continue to study the causes of fibroid tumors, little scientific evidence is available on how to prevent them. Preventing uterine fibroids may not be possible, but only a small percentage of these tumors require treatment.