In India, the 2005–2006 National Family Health Survey
(NFHS) reported that 61% of births were spaced less
than three years [5] and that 22% of married women had
an unmet need for family planning. A subsequent stratified
analysis suggested that 65% of women in the first
year postpartum had an unmet need for family planning
[6]. IUCDs are used by only two percent of current users
of contraception in India [5]. Recognizing the potential
impact of improved family planning programming on
maternal and child health, the Government of India has
committed to expanding access to family planning as part
of achieving Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5, related
to reduction of child and maternal mortality. In 2005,
the Government of India launched the Janani Sukraksha
Yojana (JSY), a conditional cash transfer scheme, to encourage
the use of facilities for care at birth [7]. Since the
inception of JSY, facility-based births in the public sector
have increased from 700,000 in 2005 more than 11 million
in 2012 [8].