To develop a systematic approach to measuring environmental
effects and further validate our observed field results, a surrogate
‘‘eye’’ was constructed in the laboratory. The surrogate ‘‘eye’’ was
used in place of an actual cow eye in order to make precision measurements
of the effects of distance and wind on the IRT temperature
using the same FLIR E60 camera used in the animal solar
loading and wind speed studies. In the field, while the livestock
were in a headlock system, they were free to move their heads
making it difficult to get precision data of the eye. To fabricate
the surrogate ‘‘eye’’ (Fig. 1), a styrofoam box (15 cm 20 cm
13 cm deep, 4 cm wall thickness) was filled with warm water
(40 C) and stirred periodically. The temperature of the water
bath was measured with a digital thermometer and maintained
over the duration of the IR measurements. The water acted as a
thermal source for the surrogate ‘‘eye’’. To model the eye, which
is thermally linked to the water bath, a hole was melted through
the side of the styrofoam box and a copper rod (1.5 cm diameter,
5.0 cm long) with known thermal conductivity was inserted. Silicone
caulking sealed both sides of the copper to the styrofoam.
The exposed end of the copper was covered with black vinyl electrical
tape with a known emissivity (Scotch Super 88, 3 M Canada,
London, Canada), providing the surrogate ‘‘eye’’ with a dependable
surface temperature. Prior to manipulative experiments and measurements,
the FLIR E60 camera was used to ensure that the temperature
of the ‘‘eye’’ was constant before proceeding. The thermal
link kept the ‘‘eye’’ at a constant temperature during measurements,
but the thermal link was fragile and sensitive to wind effects.
To observe the effects of camera to subject distance, IRT
measurements of the ‘‘eye’’ were taken between 0.2 and 2 m (in
To develop a systematic approach to measuring environmental
effects and further validate our observed field results, a surrogate
‘‘eye’’ was constructed in the laboratory. The surrogate ‘‘eye’’ was
used in place of an actual cow eye in order to make precision measurements
of the effects of distance and wind on the IRT temperature
using the same FLIR E60 camera used in the animal solar
loading and wind speed studies. In the field, while the livestock
were in a headlock system, they were free to move their heads
making it difficult to get precision data of the eye. To fabricate
the surrogate ‘‘eye’’ (Fig. 1), a styrofoam box (15 cm 20 cm
13 cm deep, 4 cm wall thickness) was filled with warm water
(40 C) and stirred periodically. The temperature of the water
bath was measured with a digital thermometer and maintained
over the duration of the IR measurements. The water acted as a
thermal source for the surrogate ‘‘eye’’. To model the eye, which
is thermally linked to the water bath, a hole was melted through
the side of the styrofoam box and a copper rod (1.5 cm diameter,
5.0 cm long) with known thermal conductivity was inserted. Silicone
caulking sealed both sides of the copper to the styrofoam.
The exposed end of the copper was covered with black vinyl electrical
tape with a known emissivity (Scotch Super 88, 3 M Canada,
London, Canada), providing the surrogate ‘‘eye’’ with a dependable
surface temperature. Prior to manipulative experiments and measurements,
the FLIR E60 camera was used to ensure that the temperature
of the ‘‘eye’’ was constant before proceeding. The thermal
link kept the ‘‘eye’’ at a constant temperature during measurements,
but the thermal link was fragile and sensitive to wind effects.
To observe the effects of camera to subject distance, IRT
measurements of the ‘‘eye’’ were taken between 0.2 and 2 m (in
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..

To develop a systematic approach to measuring environmental
effects and further validate our observed field results, a surrogate
‘‘eye’’ was constructed in the laboratory. The surrogate ‘‘eye’’ was
used in place of an actual cow eye in order to make precision measurements
of the effects of distance and wind on the IRT temperature
using the same FLIR E60 camera used in the animal solar
loading and wind speed studies. In the field, while the livestock
were in a headlock system, they were free to move their heads
making it difficult to get precision data of the eye. To fabricate
the surrogate ‘‘eye’’ (Fig. 1), a styrofoam box (15 cm 20 cm
13 cm deep, 4 cm wall thickness) was filled with warm water
(40 C) and stirred periodically. The temperature of the water
bath was measured with a digital thermometer and maintained
over the duration of the IR measurements. The water acted as a
thermal source for the surrogate ‘‘eye’’. To model the eye, which
is thermally linked to the water bath, a hole was melted through
the side of the styrofoam box and a copper rod (1.5 cm diameter,
5.0 cm long) with known thermal conductivity was inserted. Silicone
caulking sealed both sides of the copper to the styrofoam.
The exposed end of the copper was covered with black vinyl electrical
tape with a known emissivity (Scotch Super 88, 3 M Canada,
London, Canada), providing the surrogate ‘‘eye’’ with a dependable
surface temperature. Prior to manipulative experiments and measurements,
the FLIR E60 camera was used to ensure that the temperature
of the ‘‘eye’’ was constant before proceeding. The thermal
link kept the ‘‘eye’’ at a constant temperature during measurements,
but the thermal link was fragile and sensitive to wind effects.
To observe the effects of camera to subject distance, IRT
measurements of the ‘‘eye’’ were taken between 0.2 and 2 m (in
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
