“Wake up!” Do you hear these words

“Wake up!” Do you hear these words often? If so, maybe you are not getting enough sleep. What is
sleep? Why do people sleep? How much sleep do you need?
All people sleep. All mammals and birds also sleep. Some reptiles, amphibians, and fish sleep too.
Scientists understand some of the reasons for sleep. But they do not understand everything about it.
There are two kinds of sleep in mammals and birds. One kind of sleep is Rapid Eye Movement sleep,
which we call REM sleep. The other kind of sleep is Non–Rapid Eye Movement sleep, which we call NREM or non–REM sleep. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine divides NREM sleep into three stages: N1, N2, and N3 sleep.
When people first go to sleep, they are in NREM sleep. The first stage of NREM sleep is N1 sleep. During N1 sleep, people get very drowsy. Some people have muscle twitches during this part of sleep. People are not very conscious of, or aware of, their surroundings during this stage of sleep. Brain monitors identify small, slow, and irregular brain waves during N1 sleep. The second stage of sleep is N2 sleep. People are not at all conscious of their surroundings during N2 sleep. About 45%-55% of total adult sleep is N2 sleep. Brain monitors identify large brain waves with quick bursts of activity during N2 sleep. The third stage of sleep is N3 sleep. It is very deep sleep. Brain monitors identify very slow brain waves during N3 sleep. Therefore, N3 sleep is called slow–wave sleep (SWS.)
After N3 sleep, people cycle back to lighter N2 sleep before going into REM sleep. People cycle through the stages of NREM sleep 4 or 5 times each night and enter REM sleep several times during one night. Dreams occur during REM sleep and the eyes move quickly beneath closed eyelids. During REM sleep, people and animals are paralyzed. Scientists think people enter a state in which they cannot move so they will not hurt themselves while they are dreaming.
The National Sleep Foundation in the United States says that 7–9 hours of sleep daily is best for an adult. Seven to nine hours of sleep is good for memory, alertness, problem–solving, and health. Less than six hours of sleep affects the ability to think. Getting too much sleep may not be good for people either. Too much sleep is linked to sickness and depression.
Babies need a lot more sleep than adults. A newborn infant needs up to 18 hours of sleep each day. A baby spends about nine hours in REM sleep. Five–year–olds need 11–13 hours of sleep each day. A five–year– old spends about 2 hours in REM sleep. Teenagers need 9–10 hours of sleep each day. Pregnant women need more sleep than other adults. Many people think that elderly people need less sleep than younger adults, but that is not true. Most adults do well with 7–9 hours of sleep.
Scientists are not sure of all the reasons for sleep. They know that sleep helps the body heal and grow. Sleep helps the immune system – which helps people fight disease. Sleep helps the infant brain grow. It seems that REM sleep is especially important for babies’ brain growth. It also seems that sleep is a time for processing memories. Why do we dream? Some scientists believe that dreams have a psychological purpose. Some think that dreams help organize our brains. Some think that dreams are the result of random brain activity during REM sleep.
Sleep patterns differ substantially from culture to culture. Cultures with artificial light have different sleep patterns from cultures without artificial light (like electric lamps.) In cultures that use artificial light, people usually go to sleep later at night, and they sleep through the night. In other cultures, people often sleep for two periods. They go to sleep shortly after the sun goes down. They sleep deeply for several hours. Then, they tend to wake up for several hours. Afterward, they go to sleep again for several more hours. In hunter– gatherer groups, people sleep off and on throughout the day and night.
People sleep in a variety of places, too. Some people sleep on the ground. Some sleep on mats or in beds. Some use pillows, blankets, and other bedding. But they all sleep!
Good night! Sweet dreams!

ผลลัพธ์ (ม้ง) 1:

"Sawv!" Ua koj hnov cov lus no feem ntau? Yog tias muaj, tej zaum koj tseem tsis tau txaus pw tsaug zog. Dab tsipw tsaug zog? Vim ua neeg pw? Koj xav li cas pw?Txhua tus neeg pw. Txhua hom tsiaj thiab noog kuj tsaug taus zog. Qee cov tsiaj reptiles, amphibians, thiab ntses pw ib yam nkaus thiab.Zaum to taub txog tej yam pw tsaug zog. Tab sis lawv tsis to taub tias txhua yam hais txog nws.Muaj ob hom pw hauv cov tsiaj thiab cov noog. Pw ib yam yog pw Rapid muag zog,uas peb hu REM pw tsaug zog. Lwm hom pw tsaug zog yog ib qhov muag tsis – ceev zog pw, uas peb hu NREM los sis cov – REM pw tsaug zog. American Academy of pw tsaug zog tshuaj divides NREM pw rau hauv peb theem: pw N1, N2, thiab N3.Thaum cov neeg ua ntej mus pw, lawv nyob rau hauv NREM pw tsaug zog. Tus thawj theem ntawm NREM pw tsaug zog yog N1 pw tsaug zog. Thaum pw N1, neeg thiaj tsaug zog heev. Muaj ib txhia kuj muaj nqaij twitches thaum pw qhov no. Cov neeg no tsis heev meej pem txog, los yog paub txog, lawv ncig qib no pw tsaug zog. Lub hlwb saib xyuas me me, qeeb thiab lus paj hlwb tsis thaum N1 pw. Cov theem ob uas pw tsaug zog puas N2 pw tsaug zog. Tib neeg muaj tsis txhua meej pem txog lawv ncig thaum N2 pw tsaug zog. Li 45% - 55% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg laus pw puas N2 pw tsaug zog. Lub hlwb saib taw loj lub paj hlwb tsis nrog ceev bursts ntawm kev ua thaum uas N2 pw. Qhov thib peb theem ntawm cov pw tsaug zog puas N3 pw tsaug zog. Nws yog cov pw tsaug zog nqus heev. Hlwb saib xyuas lub hlwb qeeb heev tsis thaum uas N3 pw. Yog li no, N3 pw hu ua qeeb – yoj pw (SWS.)Tom qab N3 pw, cov neeg cycle rov qab mus sib zog N2 pw ua ntej yuav nkag mus REM pw tsaug zog. Tib neeg cov kev voj voog los ntawm cov theem uas NREM pw 4 los 5 zaug txhua hmo thiab sau REM pw ob peb zaug thaum ib hmos. Neej tshwm sim thaum uas REM pw tsaug zog thiab muag tawm mus sai sai hauv qab cov tawv muag daj kaw. Thaum REM pw, cov neeg thiab cov tsiaj uas tuag tes tuag taw. Zaum xav hais tias tus neeg sau ib lub xeev uas lawv tsis tau tsiv mus nyob ces lawv yuav tsis ua rau lawv tus kheej thaum lawv dreaming.National Foundation pw tsaug zog hauv teb chaws Mis Kas hais tias 7 – 9 xuab moos uas pw tsaug zog ib hnub twg yog txoj zoo tshaj rau ib tug neeg laus. Cuaj xya teev cov pw tsaug zog zoo nco, neeg ras heev, qhov teeb meem – dlaws thiab kho mob raws sijhawm hauv qab no. Tsawg tshaj li 6 teev cov pw tsaug zog muaj feem xyuam rau txoj kev peev xwm xav tias. Tau ib yam nkaus thiab pw tej zaum yuav tsis zoo rau cov neeg zaum. Ntau cov pw tsaug zog yog muaj feem rau kev mob nkeeg thiab kev nyuaj siab.Cov me nyuam yuav tsum tau pw tsaug zog heev tshaj dua cov laus. Ib tug me nyuam mos liab uas yug tau tshiab yuav tsum mus txog 18 xuab moos uas pw tsaug zog txhua hnub. Ib tus qauv li cuaj teev hauv REM pw tsaug zog. Tsib – – xyoos yuav tsum pw txhua hnub 11 – 13 teev. Ib tug tsib – xyoo – muaj qauv REM pw li 2 teev. Hluas yuav tsum pw ib hnub 9 – 10 teev. Cov poj niam cev tsis tab seeb yuav tsum pw tsaug zog ntau dua lwm cov neeg laus. Muaj coob tus neeg xav tias cov laus neeg yuav tsawg pw tsaug zog dua hluas cov laus, tiam sis yog tsis muaj tseeb. Feem coob ntawm cov neeg laus uas tsis nrog 7 – 9 xuab moos uas pw tsaug zog zoo.Zaum no tsis paub meej txog txhua yam yog vim li cas pw tsaug zog. Lawv paub tias pw tsaug zog pab lub cev zoo thiab loj hlob tuaj. Pw tsaug zog pab lub zog – uas pab cov neeg uas tua tau kab mob. Pw yuav pab cov me nyuam mos lub hlwb loj hlob. No mas, qhov pw tsaug zog REM ntawd yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov me nyuam lub hlwb kev loj hlob. Nws kuj nkawd pw tsaug zog yog ib lub sij hawm rau cov zauv puas. Yog vim li cas peb npau suav? Tej zaum yuav ntseeg neej muaj lub hom phiaj puas hawv. Ib txhia xav tias npau suav pab Teacher peb plaw. Ib txhia xav tias npau suav yog los ntawm random lub hlwb kev ua thaum REM pw tsaug zog.Pw tsaug zog ntxwv txawv tshuam los ntawm culture los culture. Mus kuaj mob sib dag tau pw nyias qauv mus kuaj tsis tau dag teeb (xws li electric teeb txawb.) Nyob rau hauv cov cai uas siv lub teeb dag, neeg feem ntau mus pw thaum tsaus ntuj, thiab nws pw thawm hmo. Rau lwm haiv neeg, neeg feem ntau pw rau ob ntu ntawd. Lawv mus pw tsocai tau tom qab hnub poob qis. Lawv tsaug zog heev mus li ob peb teev. Ces, lawv yuav sawv rov los rau ob peb teev. Tom qab ntawd, lawv mus pw dua li ob peb teev lawm. Nyob rau hauv pawg saib xyuas? – gatherer, neeg pw off mus thoob plaws lub hnub thiab hmo ntuj.Neeg tsaug zog nyob rau ntau qhov chaw, ib yam nkaus thiab. Ib txhia neeg pw hauv av lawm. Ib txhia pw rau ntawm mats los yog beds. Ib txhia siv tog hauv ncoo, pam, thiab lwm cov ntaub pua chaw pw. Tiam sis lawv sawvdaws tsaug!pw zoo os! ua npau suav zoo!

ผลลัพธ์ (ม้ง) 2:

"Sawv!" Koj puas hnov cov lus no feem ntau? Yog hais tias yog li ntawd, tej zaum koj tsis tau pw txaus. Yuav ua li cas yog
pw tsaug zog? Yog vim li cas cov neeg pw tsaug zog? Ntau npaum li cas pw tsaug zog koj yuav tsum tau?
Tag nrho cov neeg uas tsaug zog. Tag nrho cov tsiaj thiab cov noog tseem pw tsaug zog. Ib co tsiaj reptiles, amphibians, thiab ntses pw tsaug zog thiab.
Zaum taub txog ib co ntawm cov yog vim li cas rau cov pw tsaug zog. Tab sis lawv tsis to taub txhua yam txog nws.
Nws muaj ob hom uas pw tsaug zog nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj thiab cov noog. Ib hom ntawm cov pw tsaug zog yog Sai muag Movement pw tsaug zog,
uas peb hu rau REM pw tsaug zog. Lwm hom ntawm cov pw tsaug zog yog Non-Sai muag Movement pw tsaug zog, uas peb hu NREM los yog uas tsis yog-REM pw tsaug zog. Lub American Academy of pw tsaug zog tshuaj faib NREM pw tsaug zog mus rau hauv peb theem: N1, N2, thiab N3 pw tsaug zog.
Thaum cov neeg thawj mus rau cov pw tsaug zog, lawv yog nyob rau hauv NREM pw tsaug zog. Cov thawj theem ntawm NREM pw tsaug zog yog N1 pw tsaug zog. Thaum lub sij hawm N1 pw tsaug zog, cov neeg tau txais heev tsaug zog. Ib txhia neeg muaj mob thaum lub sij hawm twitches no yog ib feem ntawm pw tsaug zog. Cov neeg yog tsis heev paub, los yog paub txog, lawv cov ncig thaum lub sij hawm no theem ntawm pw tsaug zog. Lub hlwb saib txheeb xyuas me me, qeeb, thiab lus paj hlwb tsis thaum lub sij hawm N1 pw tsaug zog. Qhov thib ob theem ntawm pw tsaug zog yog N2 pw tsaug zog. Cov neeg uas tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho paub lawv cov ncig thaum lub sij hawm N2 pw tsaug zog. Txog 45% -55% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg laus pw tsaug zog yog N2 pw tsaug zog. Lub hlwb saib txheeb xyuas loj lub paj hlwb tsis nrog ceev bursts ntawm kev ua si thaum lub sij hawm N2 pw tsaug zog. Qhov thib peb theem ntawm pw tsaug zog yog N3 pw tsaug zog. Nws yog ib heev sib sib zog nqus pw tsaug zog. Lub hlwb saib txheeb xyuas qeeb heev lub paj hlwb tsis thaum lub sij hawm N3 pw tsaug zog. Yog li ntawd, N3 pw tsaug zog yog hu ua qeeb-yoj pw tsaug zog (SWS.)
Tom qab N3 pw tsaug zog, cov neeg voj voog rov qab mus rau lighter N2 pw tsaug zog ua ntej yuav mus rau hauv REM pw tsaug zog. Neeg voj voog los ntawm cov theem ntawm NREM pw 4 los yog 5 lub sij hawm txhua hmo thiab nkag mus REM pw tsaug zog ob peb zaug thaum lub sij hawm ib hmo. Kev npau suav tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm REM pw tsaug zog thiab lub qhov muag txav sai sai hauv qab kaw tawv muag daj. Thaum lub sij hawm REM pw tsaug zog, cov neeg thiab cov tsiaj yog tuag tes tuag taw. Zaum xav tias cov neeg nkag mus rau hauv ib lub xeev nyob rau hauv uas lawv nti tsis taus li ntawd lawv yuav tsis ua mob rau lawv tus kheej thaum lawv yog dreaming.
Lub teb chaws pw tsaug zog nyob rau hauv Foundation lub tebchaws United States hais tias 7-9 teev pw tsaug zog txhua txhua hnub yog zoo tshaj plaws rau ib tug neeg laus. Xya cuaj teev pw tsaug zog yog zoo rau lub cim xeeb, neeg ras heev, daws teeb meem, thiab noj qab haus huv. Tsawg tshaj li rau lub sij hawm pw tsaug zog muaj feem xyuam rau lub peev xwm los xav. Tau txais heev npaum li cas pw tsaug zog tej zaum yuav tsis zoo rau cov neeg tog twg los. Heev npaum li cas pw tsaug zog yog txuas mus rau mob thiab kev nyuaj siab.
Cov me nyuam xav tau ib tug ntau ntau cov pw tsaug zog tshaj cov neeg laus. Ib tug me nyuam mos me nyuam mos yuav tsum tau mus txog rau 18 teev ntawm pw tsaug zog txhua txhua hnub. Ib tug me nyuam siv txog cuaj teev nyob rau hauv REM pw tsaug zog. Tsib-xyoos yuav 11-13 teev pw tsaug zog txhua txhua hnub. Ib tug tsib-K rau cov laus siv li ntawm 2 teev nyob rau hauv REM pw tsaug zog. Hluas xav tau 9-10 teev pw tsaug zog txhua txhua hnub. Cev xeeb tub cov poj niam xav tau ntau pw tsaug zog dua lwm cov neeg laus. Muaj coob tus neeg xav tias cov neeg laus xav tau tsawg pw tsaug zog dua yau cov laus, tab sis hais tias yog tsis muaj tseeb. Feem ntau cov neeg laus ua tau zoo nrog 7-9 teev pw tsaug zog.
Zaum no yog tsis paub tseeb ntawm tag nrho cov yog vim li cas rau cov pw tsaug zog. Lawv paub hais tias pw tsaug zog pab lub cev zoo thiab loj hlob. Pw tsaug zog pab lub cev - uas yuav pab cov neeg tua kab mob. Pw tsaug zog yuav pab tus me nyuam lub hlwb loj hlob. Nws nkawd hais tias REM pw tsaug zog yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov me nyuam 'hlwb txoj kev loj hlob. Nws kuj zoo nkaus li pw tsaug zog yog ib lub sij hawm rau cov zauv puas. Vim li cas peb npau suav? Tej zaum ntseeg tias kev npau suav muaj ib tug puas siab puas ntsws lub hom phiaj. Ib co xav tias npau suav pab npaj peb lub hlwb. Ib co xav tias npau suav yog lub txiaj ntsim ntawm random hlwb ua si thaum lub sij hawm REM pw tsaug zog.
Pw tsaug zog txawv tshuam los ntawm kab lis kev cai rau kab lis kev cai. Haiv neeg nrog dag muaj ntau pw tsaug zog qauv los ntawm haiv neeg tsis muaj dag (xws li hluav taws xob lub teeb.) Nyob rau hauv haiv neeg uas siv dag, cov neeg feem ntau yog mus pw tom qab thaum hmo ntuj, thiab lawv pw tsaug zog los ntawm lub hmo ntuj. Nyob rau hauv lwm haiv neeg, cov neeg feem ntau pw tsaug zog rau ob lub sij hawm. Lawv mus pw sai tom qab lub hnub mus lawm. Lawv tsaug zog heev rau ob peb teev. Ces, lawv yuav sawv rau ob peb teev. Tom qab ntawd, lawv mus pw dua rau ob peb ntau teev. Nyob rau hauv hunter- gatherer pawg, cov neeg pw tsaug zog tawm thiab nyob rau thoob plaws hauv lub hnub thiab hmo ntuj.
Cov neeg pw tsaug zog nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm qhov chaw, thiab. Ib co neeg uas tsaug zog nyob rau hauv lub hauv av. Ib co pw tsaug zog on mats los yog nyob rau txaj. Ib co siv tog hauv ncoo, pam vov, thiab lwm yam ruaj ntseg. Tab sis lawv tag nrho cov pw tsaug zog!
Zoo hmo ntuj! Qab zib npau suav!