Methods: Project SARAS (‘‘excellent’’) (2006–2012) was a nonblinded, individually randomized, controlled trial in women
living in slums in the city of Mumbai, India. The interventions included a daily snack made from leafy green vegetables,
fruit, and milk for the treatment group or low-micronutrient vegetables (e.g., potato and onion) for the control group, in
addition to the usual diet. Results for the primary outcome, birth weight, have been reported. Women were invited to take
an oral-glucose-tolerance test (OGTT) at 28–32 wk gestation to screen for GDM (WHO 1999 criteria). The prevalence of
GDM was compared between the intervention and control groups, and Kernel density analysis was used to compare
distributions of 120-min plasma glucose concentrations between groups