For current analysis, we excluded participants who died before the collection of NHI withdrawal history files (n = 37) and those with missing data on green tea consumption frequency (n = 6821), as well as those who reported extreme daily energy intake (n = 444; sex-specific cutoffs for upper 0.5%, 3573.5 kcal/d for men and 2289.0 kcal/d for women; for lower 0.5%, 350.5 kcal/d for men and 200.0 kcal/d for women). We also excluded participants who reported a baseline history of cancer (n = 1481), myocardial infarction (n = 1149), or stroke (n = 793), since the presence of these diseases at baseline could have affected their diet and lifestyle. Consequently, our analysis involved 40 530 participants.