This study has analysed some aspects influencing the water-saving behaviour of Spanish households. One of the main conclusions is that there are differences between different water-saving behaviours. Therefore, when analysing individuals’ water-saving behaviour, it is necessary to take into account that the factors influencing each specific behaviour are not the same, and the relationships (i.e., positive-negative) are particular. This paper confirms that water-saving behaviour is more related to environmental awareness and involvement than to environmental attitudes. So, individuals concerned and involved with the environment are more prone to effectively develop water-saving behaviours even if they do not show ecological attitudes. Increasing this awareness depends on several aspects, such as encouraging consumers to make voluntary choices within a
broader facilitating environment of appropriate policy and pricing signals. In addition, infrastructure; information and awareness-raising are also crucial. In this context, information campaigns can be important in increasing individuals’ water-saving awareness. In this respect, in order to effectively change individual’s behaviour, it is more necessary to connect with the heart than with the head. In commercial marketing campaigns, brand promotion is generally about ideas, feelings and aspirations, and campaigns to induce behaviour change need to be directed accordingly. Nowadays, there are some activities (e.g., turning off the tap when cleaning one’s teeth or waiting until there is a full load before using a washing machine) that many Governments are recommending in order to obtain considerable water savings. As a consequence of these campaigns, there exists an acknowledgment by the public that water conservation is important, and that there is a willingness by the public to conserve water. The benefits to the user in the adoption of water conservation measures include the following: (a) systems are relatively inexpensive, and can easily be installed by the homeowner/shopkeeper/maintenance personnel; (b) besides reducing water use, they also reduce wastewater flows and energy consumption, and (c) their application results in lower water and energy bills for the user. The main role of water-saving devices is also confirmed in this study. In this respect, we recommend introducing new or modified products and services that are able to achieve water savings through their use alone (e.g., innovative product design and water recycling). In brief, given the more important role of awareness and involvement than attitudes, we advise Governments and public institutions to use information campaigns in order to increase such aspects in citizens. These campaigns should highlight the need for responsible water-saving behaviour, in spite of other factors limiting the adoption of such behaviours. In this respect, we also recommend public institutions to support the installation and purchasing of water-saving devices at home. This can be achieved through a financial support program for all those households installing water-saving devices.
การศึกษานี้มี analysed บางด้านที่มีอิทธิพลต่อพฤติกรรมการประหยัดน้ำของครัวเรือนที่สเปน บทสรุปหลักอย่างใดอย่างหนึ่งได้ว่า มีความแตกต่างระหว่างพฤติกรรมการประหยัดน้ำแตกต่างกัน ดังนั้น เมื่อวิเคราะห์บุคคลพฤติกรรมประหยัดน้ำ จำเป็นต้องคำนึงถึงปัจจัยที่มีอิทธิพลต่อพฤติกรรมแต่ละเฉพาะไม่เหมือนกัน และความสัมพันธ์ (เช่น บวกลบ) เกี่ยวข้องกัน กระดาษนี้ยืนยันว่า พฤติกรรมการประหยัดน้ำมากขึ้นได้เกี่ยวข้องกับความตระหนักด้านสิ่งแวดล้อมและมีส่วนร่วมมากกว่าการทัศนคติสิ่งแวดล้อม ดังนั้น บุคคลที่เกี่ยวข้อง และเกี่ยวข้องกับสิ่งแวดล้อมมีแนวโน้มที่จะพัฒนาพฤติกรรมการประหยัดน้ำได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพแม้ว่าพวกเขาไม่แสดงทัศนคติระบบนิเวศ เพิ่มความตระหนักนี้ขึ้นอยู่กับหลาย ๆ ด้าน เช่นส่งเสริมให้ผู้บริโภคเลือกสมัครใจในการ broader facilitating environment of appropriate policy and pricing signals. In addition, infrastructure; information and awareness-raising are also crucial. In this context, information campaigns can be important in increasing individuals’ water-saving awareness. In this respect, in order to effectively change individual’s behaviour, it is more necessary to connect with the heart than with the head. In commercial marketing campaigns, brand promotion is generally about ideas, feelings and aspirations, and campaigns to induce behaviour change need to be directed accordingly. Nowadays, there are some activities (e.g., turning off the tap when cleaning one’s teeth or waiting until there is a full load before using a washing machine) that many Governments are recommending in order to obtain considerable water savings. As a consequence of these campaigns, there exists an acknowledgment by the public that water conservation is important, and that there is a willingness by the public to conserve water. The benefits to the user in the adoption of water conservation measures include the following: (a) systems are relatively inexpensive, and can easily be installed by the homeowner/shopkeeper/maintenance personnel; (b) besides reducing water use, they also reduce wastewater flows and energy consumption, and (c) their application results in lower water and energy bills for the user. The main role of water-saving devices is also confirmed in this study. In this respect, we recommend introducing new or modified products and services that are able to achieve water savings through their use alone (e.g., innovative product design and water recycling). In brief, given the more important role of awareness and involvement than attitudes, we advise Governments and public institutions to use information campaigns in order to increase such aspects in citizens. These campaigns should highlight the need for responsible water-saving behaviour, in spite of other factors limiting the adoption of such behaviours. In this respect, we also recommend public institutions to support the installation and purchasing of water-saving devices at home. This can be achieved through a financial support program for all those households installing water-saving devices.
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