Introduction
Since 2006, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
(ACIP) has recommended routine vaccination of females in the USA
aged 11 or 12 years, and for those aged 13–26 years not previously
vaccinated, with three doses of quadrivalent human papillomavirus
(HPV) vaccine;1 this recommendation was updated in 2009 to
include either quadrivalent or bivalent vaccine.2 Since 2011, ACIP
has recommended routine vaccination of males with quadrivalent